Anuário de Literatura (Literature Annuary) has the mission to disseminate new and groundbreaking knowledge in the fields of Literature, Literary Theory, and Literary Criticism. It is directed towards researchers and literature professionals. The journal accepts: first hand original articles resulting from scientific research in the areas of Literature and Literary Theory; theoretical essays based on literature review; book reviews; and translations of articles and literary texts. Like our Fanpage
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Copyright (c) 2025 Comissão Editorial http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Garden thread in the mirror: an analysis of Canção para ninar menino grande (2018) by Conceição Evaristo
This article focused on analysing the character Fio Jardim, from Conceição Evaristo's work Canções para ninar menino grande (2018). Through analysis of the text, we discuss the character's trajectory based on six central themes: school, his relationship with his father, fatherhood, work, the women who pass through his life, and his friendship with Distinta Sá. Based on the narrative, we offer some considerations about brazilian black men and the way in which these subjects construct the model of ‘being a man’ in Brazilian reality. Our objective was to reflect on the character's human development through studies on black masculinities, race, education, and racism. We use as a theoretical reference bell hooks (2015), Lélia Gonzalez (1984), Maria Lugones (2008), Mara Viveros Vigoya (2018), among other intellectuals who think about human beings based on the relationships they weave within society
Copyright (c) 2025 Monica da Silva Francisco http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Stop killing us: the (de)construction of masculinity in the chronicles by Cidinha da Silva
This article aims to analyze the construction of masculinity in texts by Cidinha da Silva. Based on the understanding that the chronicler and short story writer from Minas Gerais weaves literary representations of imaginaries and current practices in our society, this research addresses how the design of gender roles exercised by men occurs in some of the artist's writings. The chronicles “Construção” (2011), “Me oriente, rapaz” (2014). and “O homem da meia-noite” (2018) stand out presenting narratives which are guiding threads for a discussion on how this masculinity is shown in everyday relationships, especially those between fathers and sons. Among family memories related to the presence or absence of a father, the male characters open the way for a reflection on virility, strength, violence, domination, and the imaginary of the male provider, as discussed by bell hooks (2019; 2022), Rita Segato (2005), Pierre Bourdieu (2012), Henrique Restier da Costa Souza and Rolf Malungo de Souza (2023), as well as Fábio Araújo de Oliveira and Nádia de Jesus Santos (2022).
Copyright (c) 2025 Clarice de Mattos Goulart, Alexandra Santos Pinheiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Black and homosexual masculinity represented in “Bom-crioulo”, from an intersectional view
This essay analyzes the representation of Black homosexual masculinity in the novel Bom-Crioulo (1895) by Adolfo Caminha from an intersectional perspective. Considered the first work in Brazilian literature to explicitly address homosexuality, Bom-Crioulo portrays its protagonist through a narrative that reinforces racist and homophobic stereotypes, dehumanizing him through hypersexualization and violence. The analysis is based on the concept of hegemonic masculinity, developed by Raewyn Connell and James Messerschmidt (2013), which establishes a normative model of masculinity associated with compulsory heterosexuality, virility, and domination. In this context, masculinities that deviate from this standard, such as Black and homosexual masculinities, are relegated to subordinate positions. Frantz Fanon's (2008) perspective contributes to understanding how Black men have historically been socially constructed as objectified bodies deprived of subjectivity. Drawing on the concept of intersectionality proposed by Kimberlé Crenshaw (1989), this essay highlights how race and sexuality intersect in the protagonist’s marginalization. Beyond its literary and social implications, the analysis also underscores the impact of such representations on the mental health of Black homosexual men, who experience multiple forms of exclusion and discrimination. By problematizing these issues, this essay emphasizes the need for a critical reassessment of narratives like Bom-Crioulo, fostering new perspectives on dissident masculinities and their possibilities for resistance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Cardoso Gomes http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Report about the forgotten: The favelados of Canindé in the work Quarto de Despejo, by Carolina Maria de Jesus
This article aims to reflect on the dynamics of the relationships between the inhabitants of the Canindé slum and the slum-dwellers and their neighbors from nearby brick houses, primarily captured through the lens of Carolina Maria de Jesus in Quarto de Despejo, but also illustrated in some newspapers from the 1950s and 1960s. During this period, Brazil was experiencing a moment of effervescent growth, driven by developmentalist policies aimed at stimulating investment and the installation of international industries in the country. However, this effervescence was experienced unequally by the poorest population, especially in large metropolitan areas like São Paulo, the stage of this upheaval. In general, misery predominated in the slum shacks, triggering a series of frustrations and violences, both among the slum population and between them and their wealthier neighbors. Therefore, the proposed reflection could not be carried out without the support of works produced mostly by Black feminist women, addressing the intersection of three concepts for discussing Brazilian society since its inception: race, class, and gender.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jaqueline Martinho dos Santos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Modern samba in question: resistance in the words of the malandros of Estácio de Sá
This text analyzes modern samba as a form of cultural resistance. Through samba lyrics, it becomes evident the narrative strategy of malandros from Estácio de Sá neighborhood, in Rio de Janeiro, in the decades of 1920 and 1930. A historical and critical approach is taken, based on archival documents, samba lyrics and analysis of works by authors such as Claudia Matos and Giovanna Dealtry, in order to comprehend the social context and the poetic and literary production of the malandros, who were marginalized by the racist and oppressive system. These sambistas-malandros echoed the sung word and the samba to criticize the working conditions, the exploitation of black man's body and the precariousness of life. Through the analysis of the lyrics “Se você jurar” and “O que será de mim”, the text reveals that malandragem was reinterpreted as a strategy of survival and resistance, creating a unique aesthetic that influenced Brazilian culture. In this way, it is possible to conclude that Estácio’s samba was a political tool to reaffirm the black presence and black cultural production in Rio society, claiming for space and citizenship.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lucas Garcia Nunes http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bandone do Caverá: memory as identity and homage
The visibility and valorization of black people in the southern Brazilian culture are vindicated in Bandone do Caverá (2008), a poem written in the pattern of the pampa tradition which take the life of Adauto Costa Ferreira, a musician that lived in the rural region of Rosário do Sul/RS. The author, Oliveira Silveira (1941-2009), purpose, in his last published work, an itinerary to the memory and oral history of remembrances of childhood from music as an aggregator element of family and community. The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of Bandone do Caverá by the composition of the protagonist as a positive reference of man, black and gaucho by means of a time that does not exist anymore. To do this reading, we consider mainly the studies of afro-brazilian literature by Cuti (2010), Miriam Alves (2010), Zilá Bernd (2011). We noted that the lyric speaker uses the ancestral history as an aggregator element of the southern culture, resulting in a homage to a figure related to the emotional memory and ethical identity of the author.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pablo Lemos Berned, Demétrio Alves Paz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Who my destiny? Life ritual and female marginalization in Vamos chamá-la de Maria, by Adriana Armony
Copyright (c) 2025 Rodrigo Felipe Veloso http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The deepest pain: ways of narrating grief, motherhood, and identity in the book Essa Coisa Viva
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Lemos Roa, Andre Rezende Benatti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Between Margins, Territories, Bodies, and Plural Voices: Narrating Absences and Rewriting the Commons
Copyright (c) 2025 Alessandra Guterres Deifeld, Andressa Almeida Nunes, Emmanuele Amaral Santos, Jair Zandoná, Júlia Dias Lopes, Mariana Vogt Michaelsen, Tânia Regina Oliveira Ramos, Thaís Fernandes http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An introduction to the literature of Filipe Lutalo
Interview with Minas Gerais writer Filipe Lutalo, author of Almoço de domingo (Sunday Lunch). This prose work, featuring paratexts by social historian Josemeire Alves and writer Cidinha da Silva, presents narratives in which the unifying element is human relationships. These stories foreground everyday experiences and the sharing of affections. Composed with the skill of a master prose stylist and a profound poetic quality — hallmarks of the potency of Afro-Brazilian literary production — these narratives render daily life, often through intergenerational interactions, to reveal the emergence of memories in the process of construction and the connections that make them possible. This conversation engaged with the author’s understandings of literature, his approaches to literary creation, and his writing projects.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gustavo Tanus, Adrielly Medeiros http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Black, poor, peripheral and pregnant: criminal motherhood in Clara dos Anjos, by Lima Barreto
The body of the black woman has long represented the imaginary place of gender violence, where this fruit-like woman, “edible” and “violable”, remains in an imaginary permeated by a stereotypical representation in society. This paper presents a theoretical discussion about the role of the black woman in the post-abolitionist 19th century society, whose slave-owning and possessive vision was still quite evident, as well as about her body, virginity and motherhood, in the work Clara dos Anjos, by the pre-modernist author Lima Barreto. The present study, of a bibliographic and theoretical review nature, primarily aims to analyze the role of the protagonist Clara dos Anjos and the violence she is subjected to. This violence includes defloration and unwanted pregnancy, which are a result of her poor, humble background and her skin color. Her aggressor, Cassi Jones, is a white man of a more elitist background, and the abuse he commits is reinforced by his family's attitude. By discussing these points, the paper seeks to highlight the maladies of a society in which the Black woman's body was historically devalued and regarded as a worthless object.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thaïs de Matos Barbosa, Glezia Alves de Melo http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“Poetry is an egg with a horse inside”: on algorithms, saturation and contemporary essayistic possibilities
The text seeks to discuss a poetics that engages with literary experiences in the face of, and in opposition to, the informational saturation that defines the current stage of the Information Age, using Y por mirarlo todo, nada veía by Margo Glantz (2018) as a focal point. The proposal is to debate the aesthetic power inherent in texts that attempt to address the irrationality, from a human perspective, of informational consumption and algorithm-driven social interactions. It is argued that these reflections enable consideration of the processes shaping poetic attempts to express this disarray through liminal and dissident aesthetic resources. Thus, the text sensitive from within the saturation, from within the cold and hollow algorithm driving news and dictating digital interactions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Felipe Chaves Gonçalves Pinto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The novel Torto arado, by Itamar Vieira Júnior, is addressed in this article to offer readers a critical perspective on two key aspects: its symbolic realm and its structural framework. Published in 2019, this piece offers a critical perspective on our country's formation through an ancestral narrative laden with erasures and silences. More than that, it deals with the struggle of the Quilombo community and its importance in our historical context. Drawing from analytical, critical, theoretical, and historical perspectives, we aimed to reflect and exemplify how this novel can be interpreted in pursuit of literary approaches that interweave cultures, displacements, and subalternities observed within the profound ancestry of Brazil. The focus was, in an introductory and panoramic way, to articulate concepts, undertake analyses, and consider methods that could contribute to the development of critical readers of contemporary Brazilian literature. To accomplish this, we utilized theoretical and critical texts by René Wellek and Austin Warren (2003), Terry Eagleton (2019), and Affonso Romano Sant’anna (1979). The suggestions sought an almost didactic path that could offer the reader a clear perspective on the literary structure of the work. The conclusion drawn was that the structural awareness that articulates images and unfolds them into imagery and stylistic ensemble characterizes the very structure of the novel and ensures its literary quality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Flaviano Maciel Vieira http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“A dama branca”, myth and poetry in As metamorfoses, by Murilo Mendes
In this text we intend to read the poem “A dama branca”, by As Metamorfoses (1938-1941), by Murilo Mendes. The poetic procedure used by the poet from Minas Gerais to write the poem is carried out by the confection of the image elaborated by the montage/collage of disparate elements, with the aim of altering the representation of the sensible world and revealing a new world, unknowable to the mimetic representation of reality. To do this, the poet disarticulates the elements of the objective world and rearranges them in a new, freer and more poetic way. In addition to this conception of poetic making, the close relationship that Murilian poetics establishes as a myth, in the sense that, in one of its strong marks, its creation seeks a kind of “deep memory” of culture, bringing to the present an exemplary mythical past. For this, the poet will seek the help of the muses and divine grace to build his poem. It is through memory that the poet manages to overcome the limits determined by ordinary and material space-temporality and go beyond the sensitive world.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luciano Marcos Dias Cavalcanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
To Father and to brothers: attempts of interlocution in Murilo Mendes
This article seeks to examine the uses of address in Murilo Mendes' poetry, with regard to the mobilization of the reader regarding the historical situation experienced by the poet. Two poems were chosen to illustrate the discussion. One of them involves God in the interlocution, while, in the other, the lyrical voice addresses the reader. A relationship is observed between the religious themes of the poems and a political purpose, motivating the poet's exposition of an unsustainable and urgent state of affairs. However, the article also addresses the lapses in communication produced by the use of address in poetry, which can be productive for its comprehensiveness of meaning. Thus, it is concluded that the poems analyzed, although they seem to refer to the global situation witnessed by Murilo Mendes, allow for other interpretations, which do not necessarily refer to the first half of the 20th century. The abstract and existential language used by the poet facilitates such semantic expansion. The work was written based on bibliographic research and analysis of the selected corpus.
Copyright (c) 2025 Pablo Vinícius Nunes Garcia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Methodological procedures for a philology of the poetic voice in performance in Galician Portuguese medieval songs
This article aims to expand the scope of philological science in relation to the Theory of Literature, turning to textual marks in medieval Galician-Portuguese manuscripts that allow us to consider the presence of the poetic voice in performance. In order to achieve this, there is initially the need for an epistemological change that breaks with graphocentric paradigms from Ong (1998), Zumthor (1993, 2010), Lemaire (1987, 2013) and Havelock (1996). Subsequently, it is done the survey and analysis of possible textual marks of the voice in performance, especially the delocutive verbal deixis and the locative and temporal adverbial deixis, in the sis medieval tensions, using expository paintings of the data ascertained in the tensions. Finally, it is delimited, from the previous research, the suggested methodological procedures that provide a Philology of the voice in performance in Galician-Portuguese medieval songs. In addition to the references already mentioned, we refer to Dubois et al. (2014) and, as a source of the poetic texts studied, to Aguiar (2023).
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Hofmeister de Aguiar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Persistence of male domination: bovarism and doramas
This article looks at the concept of bovarism (coined by Jules de Gaultier on the basis of Flaubert’s Madame Bovary) as a key to analyzing the status of women in and out of fiction. The corpus to be observed are the doramas (East Asian serialized television productions), exemplified by the narrative Hana Yori Dango – a Japanese manga adapted for various audiovisual productions. The aim is to investigate the permanence of discourses constituting male domination, both in canonical works and in objects from the cultural entertainment industry. The study is carried out from a comparative perspective, using the concept of bovarism as a key to reading. The main references for the study are Pierre Bourdieu’s Male Domination: the Female Condition and Symbolic Violence (2014) and Valeska Zanello’s Mental Health, Gender and Devices: Culture and Processes of Subjectivation (2018). Other important references are Saffioti (2015); Kehl (2008); Adorno (2020) and Adorno e Horkheimer (1985). The results showed that themes relating to male symbolic domination in society and the social roles assigned to each of the sexes were maintained.
Copyright (c) 2025 Camila David Dalvi, Fabíola Simão Padilha Trefzger http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Translation, editorial process and the creation of value
Translation, commonly perceived as a linguistic transposition, gains new perspectives when considered under the lens of the editorial process. Therefore, this article presents an approach that translation studies need to expand their knowledge beyond the comparative analysis between the original and the translaed version. The aim is to broaden these studies and contribute to the development of a perspective that goes further than the transposition between languages, being also an important step in the editorial process. Marked by dichotomous concepts, translation studies may develop new analyses when considered an editorial process. Based on the writings of Itamar Even-Zohar (2013), John B. Thompson (2013), Pascale Casanova (2002), Roger Chartier (2002, 2022), Lawrence Venuti (2021), Walter Benjamin (2002) and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (2010), the article revisits translation from a perspective connected with the editorial process, exploring its role as an active participant in the developing of the symbolic value of literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Renata Beatriz Freitas Estanislau http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Return to spontaneous: the naturalization of the human in the short story “Demons”, by Aluísio Azevedo
This study aims to analyze the short story "Demons", by Aluísio Azevedo, seeking to demonstrate how this narrative challenges romanticism and appropriates a markedly naturalistic aesthetic. Data suggests that the work takes up, expands, and re-signifies at least three elements identified by Antonio Candido in Azevedo’s novel O cortiço (1890): the animalization of the human being, the passage from a spontaneous organization to a directed one and the representation of the slum as an allegory of Brazil. In "Demons", these aspects are present, but with evident adaptations, since this short story depicts a more radical process of dehumanization, a return to the spontaneous condition of life and the development of a story that stands itself as an allegory of the human condition. By examining these relations between the short story and Aluísio Azevedo's novel, it becomes evident that the transition from gothic romanticism to fantastic naturalism is a striking stylistic narrative feature, revealing, through the return to the spontaneous, some acceptance of the force of nature and a skepticism about the transformative power of humanity. Therefore, for the development of this study, in addition to Candido (1993), it was also necessary to draw upon the considerations by Bosi (1994), Sá (2019), Todorov (1980), among others.
Copyright (c) 2025 Paulo Guilhermino dos Santos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The purpose of this article, which began with a dialogue with authors and with theoretical and critical perspectives that emphasize the importance of considering other modernities and other modernisms, is to comment on and evaluate two works published in Brazil in 2022, the year of the centenary of the Modern Art Week (Semana de Arte Moderna), marked by events that problematized Brazilian modernism and modernist canons, as well as by the investment of publishers in the publication of works of a varied nature (popular works, academic works, literary works, reissues, among others). The two selected publications are Cem anos da Semana de Arte Moderna: o gabinete paulista e a conjuração das janela das janeladas, by Leda Tenório da Motta, and Mulheres Modernistas: Estratégias de Consagração na Arte Brasileira, by Ana Paula Cavalcanti Simioni, texts dedicated to different objects and constructed from different perspectives, characterized by efforts to revise Brazilian modernism and, occasionally, by critical permanences. The aim is, therefore, to debate the proposals outlined in the two works, with the aim of explaining the possibilities (and limitations) of establishing other readings for modernism in Brazil.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vanessa Moro Kukul http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Scenes of dissent in the poetry of Golgona Anghel: a dialogue with Jacques Rancière
This article is dedicated to analyzing the ways of narrating “dissensus”, a concept proposed by Jacques Rancière, in the writings of contemporary Portuguese poet Golgona Anghel. In the works Like a plastic flower in a butcher’s shop window (2013), I came because they paid me (2011) and Swim in the little ones’ pool (2017), poems that maintain a narrative dialogue with the “rationality of dissent” will be analyzed. Rancière resorts to a detailed analysis of aesthetic effectiveness when associated with political action in its origin: the recognition of non-equality and the importance of breaking with the “scenes of words” that maintain the “machine of explanation”, based on the class struggle and, at the same time, on its perpetuation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Júlia Dutra Izidoro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The reception of children’s audiobooks in which toy-characters turn listening into an immersive experience
Sound is often understood as an intangible language, associated with the idea of something ephemeral, akin to smoke in the universe of the invisible (Wisnik, 1989). From this perspective, the audiobook, as a material manifestation, is similarly perceived as a format that materializes through the propagation of sound waves (Rubery, 2016). Based on this understanding, this study aims to investigate the boundaries between sound and its materialities, using as an object of analysis the children's audiobooks provided by Tonies, an interactive storytelling system that operates by placing a figurine on the sound player. By transforming the audiobook into an interactive experience, Tonies offer children a literary encounter that materializes the audiobook through the interaction between the figurine and the sound device. Focusing on the material construction of the audiobook, this work seeks to explore the sensory dimension of this format, identifying how this literary experience can transcend the limits of traditional listening, reinterpreting the relationship with narratives through their materiality. To this end, we adopt a theoretical approach that considers the materialities present in children's literature and their narrative potential (Navas, 2022; Medeiros, 2022), aiming to understand how the interface between physical and digital aspects influences the reception and interpretation of audiobooks. The study thus seeks to demonstrate how direct interaction with the figurines fosters a new form of aesthetic immersion in the audiobook universe, highlighting the relevance of studies on literary materiality in childhood in dialogue with new technologies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Renan Luis Salermo, Diana Navas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Memórias da Marquesa de Rabicó: a fictiticious autofiction
Memórias da Emília, published by Monteiro Lobato in 1936, tells the story of the making of “Memórias da Marquesa de Rabicó”, which recounts adventures in the universe of Sítio do Picapau Amarelo while breaking the conventional reading pacts of the genre by alternating narrators (autodiegetic, homodiegetic and heterodiegetic) and including invented memories. That said, this article proposes to analyze the writing process and the fictiticious final product “Memórias da Marquesa de Rabicó” focusing on its generic characteristics. With this aim, this study is mainly based on the theories of Philippe Lejeune (2008), Manuel Alberca (2007) and Vincent Colonna (2014) about autobiography, autofiction and their respective reading pacts. It is concluded, based on the analysis developed, that the initially autobiographical work of the title character can be read as a fictiticious autofiction due to its border construct between memory and invention within fiction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Felipe Krul Bettiol http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Reality Effect in Solução de Dois Estados by Michel Laub
Solução de Dois Estados is a contemporary novel that captures the intolerance present in Brazilian society. Amid the political polarization in Brazil over the last decade, Michel Laub writes a story about two siblings who cannot reach an understanding, portraying a relationship marked by resentment, violence, and hate. This work aims to observe how the author produces a reality effect in his book, which appears to be based on two distinct strategies: 1) its hybrid structure, for which this paper relied on Krysinski ([2004] 2012) regarding hybridity in literature; and 2) the presence of repetitions associated with traumatic realism, understood through Foster ([1996] 2005). Barthes (1972) and Rancière (2010) are referenced regarding the concepts of reality effect. For the methodology analyzing hybridity, eleven book fragments were classified by style and textual genre. To analyze the traumatic realism present in the novel, passages containing repetitions in the main characters' speeches are highlighted and discussed. The study concludes that the book produces a reality effect, primarily through the hybridization of fictional and non-fictional text, as well as the persistent presence of traumatic repetitions throughout the plot.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nathaly Silva Nalerio, Alfeu Sparemberger http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Neobaroque regeleia: perspectives on the neobaroque from songs by Gilberto Gil
Abstract: Chiampi (2010) states that any debate about modernity in Latin America must include the baroque, otherwise it risks becoming incomplete. From this perspective, this article aims to observe baroque features in the songs: “Geléia Geral” and “Refazenda” by Bahian singer and composer Gilberto Gil. The song Geléia Geral was released in 1968 and carries in its title a term coined by Décio Pignatari that reveals a mixed-race, hybridized, traditional and modern Brazil at the same time. A tropical morning that cooks all the “relics of Brazil”, a neo-baroque cooking. Refazenda, was released in 1975 on an album of the same name. The composition is by Gilberto Gil and is part of the RE trilogy (Refavela, Refazenda and Realce) that the Bahian worked on during his career. The song Refazenda presents a tropical baroque feast, a fruity feast, of flavors, of smells, a song that chooses tropical fruits to discuss issues such as time and becoming, themes that seem invisible due to the baroque refinements, tropical, fruity metaphors. Both songs seem to engender neo(baroque) characteristics, be it the Brazilian mestizo jelly or the neo-baroque banquet. Authors such as: Ávila (2016), Arriarán (2010), Coutinho (1994), Lezama Lima (1993) and Sarduy (1987), will provide theoretical support for this analytical approach. Gilberto Gil weaves a baroque Bahia into neo-baroque poetic links, a baroque style that resurfaces as poetic, melodic and aesthetic refinements.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Barros de Alencar, Samuel Anderson de Oliveira Lima http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Literary word: power in the subject reader formative action
This article addresses the literary word as a motivator for the construction of dialogues and personal interactions. “The word is a kind of bridge thrown between me and others. If it leans on me at one end, on the other it leans on my interlocutor. The word is the common territory of the speaker and the interlocutor” (Bahktin, 2006, p. 115). Our proposal with this work is to build up an investigative look at the power of the word in the literary text and the consequent speaker/interlocutor interaction which, according to our studies, may be responsible for personal, cultural, as well as social transformations not only in the educational context but also – and, perhaps, above all – in the extra educational one. Understanding literary reading in a more meaningful and pleasurable way, in addition to decoding and identifying elements of the narrative, is the starting point for the development of this research. We conclude that the literary word is, in addition to transforming, a right and an urgent need. To support this study, we approach the theoretical assumptions of Mikhail Bakhtin (2006) and his conception of language, Paulo Freire (1989) and the role of the reader subject, and Antonio Candido (1988) and his defense of the right to literature – among others.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cristiane Casquet de Souza Elias, Vera Bastazin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Colonial women’s literature: Fernanda de Castro and Maria Amélia Rodrigues in the Colonial Literature Competitions (1926-1931)
Based on the considerations of Inocência Mata (2014) regarding Portuguese colonial literature and Ana Paula Ferreira (2020) and Jessica Falconi (2021) on Portuguese colonial literature authored by women, this article analyzes three novels by female authors: Mariazinha em África (1925) and O veneno do sol (1929) by Fernanda de Castro, and Adão e Eva (1931) by Maria Amélia Rodrigues, who competed in the Portuguese Colonial Literature Competitions between 1926 and 1931. We are interested in understanding how female authorship reworks or reaffirms certain themes of Portuguese colonial literature, as well as possible distinctive elements of female authorship. In general, we understand that the authors were accomplices of Portuguese colonialism, at the same time that they produced new aesthetic and political perspectives for colonial literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Helder Thiago Cordeiro Maia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Witches’ Catoptric Reading: Gothic and Feminism in Isak Dinesen’s “The Deluge at Norderney”
Isak Dinesen, pseudonym of Karen Blixen (1885-1962), is among the main Danish writers of the 20th century. Her thoughts on “the question of women” are original and controversial, at times seeming conservative and androcentric, at others innovative and feminist. This article aims to present these ideas and think along with them by analyzing the character Calypso from the tale “The Deluge at Norderney”, published in 1934 in the book Seven Gothic Tales. The article will also establish an important relationship that occurs in this character between feminism and the Gothic literary movement. Dinesen writes a pastiche of Gothic novels to tell the story of Calypso, a young woman who breaks free from a misogynistic environment to find her strength and independence in her femininity, refusing to become a “castrated man”. This article will look at how the Gothic was revolutionary in matters of gender and sexuality, so Dinesen's choice to draw inspiration from this literary movement to address these issues was very appropriate.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sofia Osthoff Bediaga http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Memories Constituting Black Female Subjectivity in Olhos d’água by Conceição Evaristo
This paper aims to analyze the role of memory in the narrative construction of Black women whose life trajectories are marked by reminiscences of the past. In this perspective, the study focuses on three short stories: “Olhos d’água”, “Duzu-Querença”, and “Ayoluwa, a alegria do nosso povo”, from the collection Olhos d’água (2016) by Conceição Evaristo. It is understood, from the analysis of the women presented by these narratives, that they feature female characters constructed with an emphasis on their ancestral heritage. This approach highlights the significant discussion around the constitution of marginalized subjects, marked by lives permeated with pain, violence, and poverty. Evaristo brings to light the marks and consequences left in multiple forms within their complex histories. This study demonstrates that these narratives reflect subjects who manifest from their historical roots, from a past of suffered exclusions, extending into the present and paving the way for the future. For this analysis, the reflections will be based on insights from prominent theorists such as Michael Pollak (1989), Maurice Halbwachs (1990), and Paul Ricoeur (2007), who discuss memory as a means of constructing individual and collective identities.
Lilian Greice dos Santos Ortiz da Silveira
Copyright (c) 2025 Lilian Greice dos Santos Ortiz da Silveira, Ariane Avila Neto de Farias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
From Vidas Secas to Recife Frio: the regionalist literary dialogue in the neoregionalist audiovisual creation
The collective imagination of a society is constructed alongside the ideological formation of individuals. This formation, in turn, is created through the interaction between people and their environment, shaping both the psychological and behavioral agency that emerges from the intersection of the two. In this sense, altering the spatial conditions of a particular community will lead to not only physical changes but also sociocultural ones. This is a discussion proposed when analyzing Kleber Mendonça Filho's short film Recife Frio (2009) in dialogue with Graciliano Ramos' work Vidas Secas (1938). The objective is to explain how regionalist narrative aesthetics function in Kleber Mendonça Filho’s neoregionalist audiovisual creation, while also examining how the filmmaker updates the issue of the subaltern condition of the northeastern population in light of the need for contemporary geopolitical adaptation. To this end, we rely on the discursive ideas of Jean-Claude Bernardet (2007); Michel de Certeau (1998); Wolfgang Iser (2013); Sylvie Debs (2010), among others. According to the study, it was possible to observe that the formation of neoregionalist aesthetics draws upon regionalist precepts, now reinterpreted through contemporary discourses in response to the adaptive manifestations of the production era. Thus, the neoregionalist audiovisual narratives of Kleber Mendonça Filho are anchored in a dialogue with the literary aesthetics of the past.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sayara Saraiva Pires, Herasmo Braga de Oliveira Brito http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
From the body to herself: unfoldings of the feminine being in A Rainha do Ignoto (1899), by Emília Freitas
The nineteenth-century literary tradition, from a male perspective, defined an image for women. This image was fixed in two archetypes: angel and demon. However, some female writers managed to break away from this representation of women in literature, although often through subtle narrative strategies that concealed the underlying criticism. This is the case of the writer from Ceará, Emília Freitas, in her novel A Rainha do Ignoto (1899). To circumvent censorship, the writer constructs in her work a narrative that follows conventional parameters and another that subverts them. The tension between breaking with and maintaining tradition is mitigated by another narrative strategy, the use of supernatural resources. Thus, through these resources, the writer subverts the conception of women in late 19th century Brazil by creating an insular space, hidden from the rest of the world, where women held leadership roles in all spheres and possessed mystical powers. Furthermore, outside of the utopian island – in the space governed by the dominant male order – in order to play roles denied to women, the protagonist had the power to transform herself into anyone. Thus, this article will present the paradigm shift in the configuration of the female character, in confrontation with literary tradition, in the novel by Emília Freitas, based mainly on the studies of Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar (1998).
Copyright (c) 2025 Wanessa de Oliveira Coelho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Representations of abyssal thought in Cinzas do Norte, by Milton Hatoum
The present paper aims to investigate the presence of a critique of a certain rationality paradigm determined by the dynamics of appropriation/violence and the logic of production of non-existence underlying the novel Cinzas do Norte, by Milton Hatoum. We articulate, in this endeavor, a brief characterization of the author’s work with the studies of portuguese intellectual Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2002a, 2002b, 2007), specifically those that concern the concepts of metonymic reason and abyssal thought as determinants in the way that type of rationality produces a dominant field of existence. The interpretative aspect of the text realizes itself in a discussion regarding the representation of two characters in the novel, Trajano Mattoso and Colonel Zanda, and that of late modernity in the city of Manaus, unveiled through the trajectory of the novel’s protagonist Raimundo Mattoso. That representation and unveiling constitute, in our view, the underlying critique of modernity and its transformations in the city of Manaus and the Amazon depicted in the novel.
Copyright (c) 2025 Guilherme Pires de Souza, Juciane dos Santos Cavalheiro, Márcio Leonel Farias Reis Páscoa http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Narratives of the conquest of the Amazon: Trans-Amazonian, another face and contradictions
The text proposes a discussion about the literary work Missão Secreta na Transamazônica by Francisco de Assis Almeida Brasil (1991), which addresses the construction and colonization of the Trans-Amazonian highway in the 1970s. The purpose is to demonstrate its association with a narrative present in state initiatives in the Brazilian Amazon during the twentieth century. In this way, a study was developed from bibliographic, audiovisual and documentary sources that refer to the historical event, to researchers on the subject such as Souza (2012) and Silva (2022), as well as the analytical reading of other works and essays in the literature on the Amazon such as À Margem da História by Euclides da Cunha (2006), Inferno Verde by Alberto Rangel (2008) and Tempo de Estrada - 20 poemas da Transamazônica, compilation coordinated by Walter Duarte in 1972. During the reflection, it was observed the connection of the plot to elements that introduce new perspectives and contradictions to a narrative of the conquest of the Amazon.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Valtemir Ferreira da Silva http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Individualism versus Union in The Anarchist Banker, by Fernando Pessoa
In this article, we use the work The Anarchist Banker [1922] by Fernando Pessoa and the Theory of Abjection according to Dostoevsky and Genet for the functional description of the ways in which the concept of Union is used and its pragmatic repercussions. The association of Truth and Reality with Union occurs, in general terms, through the general premise that only with Union is it possible to change Reality (a truth-operation taken as dogma) and that this Union must be True and/or Real to be effective. Its argument is that individual action would be quantitatively irrelevant to social change, which is accurate, but insufficient for understanding the processes of social change. As the anarchist banker himself states – and here the work is taken as a philosophical novel –, individualist actions guided by the anarchist principles of non-creation of new tyranny would be responsible for social change, with Union being just a cut of scientific observation, but not a phenomenon itself.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Sarto Muller http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Technological fictions, ontological politics: Daniel Galera and Isabelle Stengers
From Daniel Galera’s novella “Tóquio” (2021), this article discusses the developments of technological ontologies with the help of Isabelle Stengers’ analysis in “The challenge of ontological politics”. Mainly, the novella aims to extends ontological investigation to beings created outside traditional biological schemes, or forms of artificial intelligence and its pretentions to access humanity. The specific context, given by the novelist’s speculative fiction, posits ethical dilemmas that can be linked to Stengers’ text, mainly by arguments about the extension of the concept of humanity and the consequences of the modern scientific discourse. Ontology and fiction unite in an approach that departs from the essential question of whatever can be considered human in a scenario ruined by the nature/culture division. Approximating the two authors points to the needs of situating discussions about technology and humanity in the large scope of the critic towards modern science and the possible empathy for other worlds.
Copyright (c) 2025 Victor Calcagno http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Reception aesthetics of and the reader: a reading about The Woman who wrote the Bible by Moacyr Scliar
This paper is a study about The Woman Who Wrote the Bible (2007) by the writer Moacyr Scliar. Our aim is to estabelish relations between the literary work and the Reception Theory searching to stand out the break in the horizon of expectation of the reader, as well as to observe him/her as the responsible for the filling down of the gaps or the empitnesses presented into text left by the author. Therefore, searching to contribute with literary analysis researches which turn to Aesthetics of Reception our reading has been developed from the textual-criticism method through a bibliographical research with an interpretive basis. To base our reflexions, we have supported in the studies amongst others by Wolfgang Iser (1979); Hans Robert Jauss (1994); Luiz Costa Lima (1979); Mirian Hisae Yaegashi Zaponne (2008; 2019); Regina Zilberman (2015). In the face of the reading about the novel, we have noticed that, as through the mobilization of the horizon of expectation much as through probable interpretations, the reader is estimulated to participate, in an efective way, in criation process of the work attributing it meaning; configurating in this way the dialogic relation between the literature and the reader, an ideia argued by Jauss.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Flávia da Silva Oliveira, Jaqueline Vieira de Lima http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
“Confronted by faggot”: the counterpoint between masculinity and homosexuality in American psycho, by Bret Easton Ellis
In American Psycho, Bret Easton Ellis presents a narrator-character who is difficult to trust in. By telling his own story, Patrick Bateman puts himself above everyone around him, combining his yuppie routine with that of a serial killer. Among the social minorities despised by the protagonist are homosexual men, who are used to make jokes or vent anger. This paper aims to discuss the way in which the figure of the homosexual man is constructed within the narrative, working as an opposition to the concept of masculinity. Focusing on Patrick Bateman, the study intends to reveal the protagonist's stereotypical and discriminatory perceptions regarding homosexuality, as well as to highlight the complexities of his own identity. To achieve its purpose, this paper is based on the works of Sedgwick (1990), Oliveira (1998), Foucault (1998), Butler (2003), Connell and Messerschmidt (2013), and others. From a reading in light of these texts, it is possible to conclude that the protagonist works as a representative of the male, white, heterosexual and cisnormative part of society. Acting as a vehicle for the oppression of existences that he positions as inferior to his own, he ends up also becoming a victim of his oppressive nature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eduardo Ramson Sanes, Eduardo Marks de Marques http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
On prologues and epilogues: splits and national formation in writing and reading fictions of Brazilian 19th and 20th centuries
This essay seeks to analyze the process of representation of Brazil in prologues and epilogues of fundamental texts of Brazilian literature, showing how attempts to transform the country’s constitutive divisions into fiction are created in this set of texts, as well as implicit solutions that reveal horizons of expectations and class positions of the authors. We will analyze texts from the romantic period (by Alencar and Gonçalves Dias), as well as from the late 19th century (Machado de Assis and Euclides da Cunha), reaching texts from the 20th century (Mário de Andrade) and we will find representations that construct scenes of reading and confrontation dramatizing divisions within the dominant classes and between such classes and other segments of society. The final object of the analysis is to understand how the problem of the nation is transformed into eminently literary questions in these texts, which, in turn, can help understand what the idea of a national formation project meant among us.
Copyright (c) 2025 Filipe de Freitas Gonçalves http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0