Experiments in design research: artificial and naturalistic settings for the assessment of user experience
Palavras-chave:
User Experience, Experiments, Design Research.Resumo
This paper discusses the development of experiments to assess user experience with innovative artefacts, based on academic and market research. It discusses ecological validity in the use of naturalistic experiments and when artificial experiments are “good enough”. Due to its potential to keep the study’s internal validity high, the artificial scenario is the first choice. When artificial settings threaten the study’s external validity, naturalistic experiments are better choices. Design research requires flexibility when planning experiments, since the usual choices made in other sciences might not be the best ones to be made.
Referências
ASSIS, M. V.; TONETTO, L. M. Questioning the choice overload effect through design research. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Design and Emotion, 2016, Amsterdam. Anais… Amsterdam: The Design & Emotion Society, 2016, p.357-363.
CASH, P.; ELIAS, E.; DEKONINCK, E.; CULLEY, S. (2011). Methodological insights from a rigorous small scale design experiment. Design Studies, n.33, p.208-235, 2011.
CHRISTENSEN, L. Experimental methodology. 7.ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1989.
COLLINS, A.; JOSEPH, D.; BIELACZYC, K. Design Research: theoretical and methodological issues. The Journal of The Learning Sciences, v.13, n.1, p.15–42, 2004.
DA ROSA, V. M. O impacto das cores e das formas de embalagens na experiência do usuário. 2017. Dissertação de Mestrado em Design - Universidade do Rio dos Sinos, Porto Alegre.
IYENGAR, S.; AGRAWAL, K. A. Better Choosing Experience. Strategy & Business, v.61, p.2-8, 2010.
FALK, A.; HECKMAN, J. J. Lab Experiments Are a Major Source of Knowledge in the Social Sciences. Since, v.326, p.535-538, 2009.
GAVER, W. What should we expect from research through design? In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems, 2012, Texas. Anais… Texas: SIGCHI, 2012, p.937-946.
GÜNTHER, H. Pesquisa Qualitativa Versus Pesquisa Quantitativa: esta é a questão? Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, v.22, n.2, p.201-210, 2006.
______, H. The environmental psychology of research. Journal of Environmental Psychology, v.29, p. 358-365, 2009.
KVAVILASHVILI, L.; ELLIS, J. A. Ecological validity and the real-life/laboratory controversy in memory research: a critical and historical review. History Philosophy of Psychology, v.6, p.59–80, 2004.
LEW, L.; NGUYEN, T.; MESSING, S.; WESTWOOD, S. Of course I wouldn’t do that in real life: advancing the arguments for increasing realism in HCI experiments. In: CHI 2011 (Conference on Human Factors), 2011, Vancouver. Anais… Vancouver: CHI, 2011.
MAINSAH, H.; MORRISON, A. Towards a manifesto for methodological experimentation in design research. In: Proceedings of the NORDES, 2013, Copenhague e Malmoe. Anais… Copenhague e Malmoe: Nordes, 2013, p.153-162.
METTLER, T.; EURICH, M.; WINTER, R. On the use of experiments in design science research: a proposition of an evaluation framework. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, v.34, n.1, p.223-240, 2014.
OKAJIMA, K.; SPENCE, C. Effects of visual food texture on taste perception. Perception, v.2, n.8, 2011.
PINHEIRO, Q. J; GÜNTHER, H. Métodos de Pesquisa nos Estudos Pessoa-Ambiente. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo, 2008.
SCHMUCKLER, M. What is ecological validity? A dimensional analysis. Infancy, v.2, n.4, p.419-436, 2001.
SCHWEIGERT, W. A. Research methods and statistics for psychology. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 1994.
STEFFEN, D. Characteristics and interferences of experiments in science, in the arts, and in design research. In: Proceedings of the NORDES, 2013, Copenhague e Malmoe. Anais… Copenhague e Malmoe: Nordes, 2013, p.136-143.
TONETTO, L. M. Emotional labeling and attribute framing on pro-environmental product decision making. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion, 2010, Chicago. Anais… Chicago: Illinois Institute of Technology, 2010, p.1-5.
TONETTO, L. M.; STEIN, L. M.; BRUST-RENCK, P. G. Perspectivas metodológicas na pesquisa sobre o comportamento do consumido. Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, v.34, n.1, p.180-195, 2014.
TONETTO, L. M.; KLANOVICZ, C. P.; SPENCE, C. Modifying action sounds influences people's emotional responses and bodily sensations. i-Perception, v.5, p.153-163, 2014.
ZEISEL, J. Inquiry by Design: Tools for Environment-Behavior Research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
---