Missão (im)possível? O papel da inovação (e das políticas de inovação) no suporte a mudanças estruturais e transições sustentáveis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2022.e90067Palavras-chave:
Inovação, Políticas de inovação, Transição para sustentabilidadeResumo
Os tópicos tratados neste artigo dizem respeito à (necessária) transição para a sustentabilidade, às mudanças estruturais que ela acarreta e ao papel que a política (de inovação) pode desempenhar para acelerar essas mudanças. Embora seja fácil argumentar que a inovação deve desempenhar um papel importante na transição para a sustentabilidade, é mais desafiador fornecer bons modelos de como as políticas podem ajudar a mobilizar a inovação para esse fim. Esses modelos, argumenta-se, precisam ser lastreados na base de conhecimento acumulada sobre o papel da inovação na mudança social e econômica. O artigo, portanto, começa separando alguns insights importantes sobre inovação a partir da pesquisa acumulada neste tópico e, com isso em mente, discute várias abordagens de políticas que foram sugeridas para influenciar a inovação e as transições para a sustentabilidade. Para possibilitar uma discussão mais aprofundada, o documento aborda detalhadamente três casos em que a política indiscutivelmente teve um grande impacto, isto é, energia renovável na Dinamarca e Alemanha e carros elétricos na Noruega. A parte final do artigo resume a discussão sobre o papel das políticas (de inovação) nas transições sustentáveis.
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