Rastafari, repatriation and armed conflict: an analysis of the African Reform Church activism in the terms of the afrocreole culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2022.e83144Keywords:
Rastafari, Afrocreole, RepatriationAbstract
In this article we analize the development of the Rastafarian African Reform Church, led by the minister Claudius Henry, in Jamaica between 1959 and 1960, and how their actions pretended to force the repatriation to Ethiopia and the afrodescendants liberation from colonial rule in the terms of the back-to-Africa ideals. Through the study of their proclaims, the governmental discussions, the mass-media debates and the trial of the members of the organization, we try to incorporate the project of the African Reform Church, unfinished because of the state repression, in the senses conformed on the long-time of the afrocreole culture, the garveyist thoughts of self-management and the association with an organization beyond the national borders. So, the approach of Henry and his group, became a germ of the political mechanism that were developed within the Caribbean and North American Black Power at the end of the 1960s.
References
AUSTIN, Diane. History and Symbols in Ideology: A Jamaican Example. Man, New Series, v. 14, n. 3, p. 497-514, 1979.
BAKAN, Abigail. Ideology and Class Conflict in Jamaica: The Politics of Rebellion. Toronto: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1990.
BETRAM, Arnold. The elections of 1962. The Jamaica election 2007. Disponible en: www.jamaicaelections.com/general/2007/news/article-4.htm. Accedido en: 18 nov. 2020.
CHEVANNES, Barry. The Repairer of the Breach: Reverend Claudius Henry and Jamaican Society. Ethnicity in the Americas, Nueva York: De Gruyter Mouton, p. 263-290, 2011.
CHEVANNES, Barrington. Jah versus the middle class: Rastafari exorcism of the ideology of racism in Jamaica. Paper. University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.1989
DAVIS, Stephen; LEE, H. First Rasta: Leonard Howell and the Rise of Rastafarianism. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2012.
DUNKLEY, Daive. The Suppression of Leonard Howell in Late Colonial Jamaica, 1932-1954. New West Indian Guide, v. 87, p. 62-93, 2013.
EDMONDS, Ennis. Rastafari: from outcasts to culture bearers. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
HENRY, GABBIDON hanged. The Daily Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 29 mar. 1961.
HENRY GETS 10 years on treason-felony charge. The Sunday Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 30 oct. 1960.
HENRY'S MISSION a political success. The Daily Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 28 oct. 1960.
HIBBERT, Sybil. Jamaica's first treason felony trial featuring the Rev Claudius Henry. The Observer, 10 dic. 2013. Disponible en: https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/jamaica-s-first-treason-felony-trial-featuring-the-rev-claudius-henry_15610651. Accedido en: 11 feb 2021.
HOENISCH, Michael. Symbolic Politics: Perceptions of the Early Rastafari Movement. The Massachusetts Review, v. 29, n. 3, p. 432-449, 1988.
LUFFMAN, Nathanial. Concrete Jungle: The Foundation of the Modern Jamaican Polity. Paper-Kentucky: Murray State University, 2007.
PAUL, Annie. Evening sun can’t dry clothes. The Gleaner, Kingston, 13 abr. 2017.
PASTOR ON TREASON charge. The Daily Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 9 abr. 1960.
QUINN, Kate. Black Power in the Caribbean. Florida: University Press of Florida, 2014.
RODNEY, Walter. The groundings with my brothers. Kingston: Miguel Lorne Publishing, 2001.
SMITH, Michael; AUGIER, Roy; NETTLEFORD, Rex. The Ras Tafari Movement in Kingston, Jamaica. Caribbean Quarterly, v. 13, n. 3, p. 3-29; y, v. 13, n. 4, p. 3-14, 1967.
THREATENED IN Henry’s Church. The Daily Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 5 mayo 1960.
TREASON FELONY inquiry May 2. The Daily Gleaner, Kingston, p. 1, 26 abr. 1960.
VAN DIJK, Frank. Sociological means: colonial reactions to the radicalization of Rastafari in Jamaica, 1956-1959. New West Indian Guide, v. 69, n. 1/2, p. 67-101, 1995.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ariel Mogni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Esboços: histories in global contexts adopts an Open Access policy and it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). Authors will be asked to sign an open access license agreement before publication.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors grant the journal Esboços: histórias em contextos globais (ISSN 2175-7976) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
- This license allows users to remix, transform, and build upon the material, on the condition of giving acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- 3.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or a personal website, or publish it as a book chapter or a translation).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
