Student Politics: Remarks for a Research Agenda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7976.2022.e85774Keywords:
Student Movements, Student Politics, ProtestsAbstract
This essay aims at putting forward some critical reflections for the study of what scholars in the field usually call student movements. The essay has two sections. In the first, I reflect on the implications of using the concept “student movements” to define the field of studies, and suggest considering the alternative concept of “student politics”. In the same vein, I recommend considering the dimensions of representation, mobilization and reproduction of the student body. In the second section, I discuss two research areas that could help us to advance our knowledge of the topic: the connections between state, capitalism and universities; and the coupling (or decoupling) of students in three main areas: internally, with other social actors, and with the party system. The main contributions of this essay lie in the proposal of a research agenda, which can help to guide future research, and in tacking stock of the previous literature in a critical (yet not exhaustive) manner, focusing especially in Chile and Latin America.
References
ACOSTA SILVA, Adrián. El poder de la universidad en América Latina. México: Editorial Universidad de Guadalajara. 2018.
AGUILERA, Oscar. Los estudios sobre juventud en Chile: coordenadas para un estado del arte. Última década. Santiago, v. 17, n. 31, p. 109-127, 2009.
AGUILERA, Oscar. Generaciones: movimientos juveniles, políticas de la identidad y disputas por la visibilidad en el Chile neoliberal. Buenos Aires: CLACSO. 2014.
AGUILERA, Oscar. Movidas, movilizaciones, y movimientos: cultura política y políticas de las culturas juveniles en el Chile de hoy. Santiago: RIL Editores. 2016.
ANCELOVICI, Marcos; DUPUIS-DÉRI, Francis (Eds.) Un printemps rouge et noir: regards croisés sur la grève étudiante de 2012. Montréal: Écosociété. 2014.
ANCELOVICI, Marcos; GUZMÁN-CONCHA. César. Struggling for Education: The Dynamics of Student Protests in Chile and Quebec. Current Sociology. London, v. 67, n. 7, p. 978-96, 2019.
BESSANT, Judith et al. When Students Protest: Universities in the Global North. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. 2021a.
BESSANT, Judith et al. When Students Protest: Universities in the Global South. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. 2021b.
BONAVENA, Pablo et al. ¿Ha muerto la reforma? La acción del movimiento estudiantil porteño durante la larga década de 1966 a 1976. Archivos de Historia del Movimiento Obrero y la Izquierda. Buenos Aires, n. 12, p. 73-95, 2018.
BROWN, Richard H. Bureaucracy as Praxis: Toward a Political Phenomenology of Formal Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly. Ithaca, v. 23, n. 3, p. 365-82, 1978.
BURNETT, Judith. Generations: The Time Machine in Theory and Practice. Abingdon: Routledge. 2016.
CALDERÓN, Angel. Massification of Higher Education Revisited. Melbourne: RMIT University, 2018.
CALIFA, Juan S. La socialización política estudiantil en la Argentina de los sesenta: La Universidad de Buenos Aires. Perfiles Educativos. Mexico, v. 36, n. 146, p. 98-113, 2014.
CHENG, Edmund W.; YUEN, Samson. Total Mobilisation from Below: Abeyance Networks, Threats and Emotions in Hong Kong’s Freedom Summer. 2020. Disponible en: https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/publications/total-mobilisation-frombelow(4f7c491f-9dbc-401a-95b6-0a2a70c7f2ba).html Acceso: 3 feb. 2022.
CINI, Lorenzo et al. Student Movements in Late Neoliberalism: Dynamics of Contention and Their Consequences. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 2021.
DELLA PORTA, Donatella et al. Contesting Higher Education: The Student Movements Against Neoliberal Universities. Bristol: Policy Press. 2020.
DELLA PORTA, Donatella; DIANI Mario. Social Movements. An Introduction. 2.ed. Cornwall: Wiley-Blackwell. 2006.
DONOSO, Sofia. Dynamics of Change in Chile: Explaining the Emergence of the 2006 Pingüino Movement. Journal of Latin American Studies. Cambridge, v. 45, n. 1, p. 1-29, 2013.
FLEET, Nicolas. Mass Intellectuality of the Neoliberal State: Mass Higher Education, Public Professionalism, and State Effects in Chile. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 2021.
FLEET, Nicolás; GUZMÁN-CONCHA, César. Mass Higher Education and the 2011 Student Movement in Chile: Material and Ideological Implications. Bulletin of Latin American Research. Leeds, v. 36, n. 2, p. 160-176, 2017.
FRASER, Nancy; HONNETH, Axel. Redistribution Or Recognition?: A Political- Philosophical Exchange. London: Verso, 2003.
GODWYN, Mary; HOFFER GITTELL, Jody (Eds.) Sociology of Organizations: Structures and Relationships. London: SAGE, 2011.
GONZÁLEZ-LEDESMA, Miguel; ÁLVAREZ-MENDIOLA, Germán. Neoliberals versus Post-Neoliberals in the Formation of Governance Regimes in Latin America’s Higher Education. In: JARVIS, DARRYL S. L..; CAPANO, GILIBERTO. (Eds). Convergence and Diversity in the Governance of Higher Education: Comparative Perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. p. 426-454.
GUZMÁN-CONCHA, César; CINI, Lorenzo. The Political Economy of Student Revolts in the Twenty First Century. 2022. [en prensa].
HABERMAS, Jürgen. Toward a Rational Society: Student Protest, Science, and Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1987.
HAYES, Dennis; WYNYARD, Robin. The McDonaldization of Higher Education Revisited. In: CÔTÉ, James E.; PICKARD, Sarah. (Eds). Routledge Handbook of the Sociology of Higher Education. New York: Routledge, 2016. p. 74-84.
HIGGS, Philip. Nation Building and the Role of the University: A Critical Reflection. South African Journal of Higher Education. Matieland, v. 16, n. 2, p. 11-17, 2002.
HOBSON, Barbara. Recognition Struggles and Social Movements: Contested Identities, Agency and Power. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
KLEMENČIČ, Manja. Student Representation in Western Europe: Introduction to the Special Issue. European Journal of Higher Education. Londres, v. 2, n. 1, p. 2-19, 2012.
KLEMENČIČ, Manja. Student Power in a Global Perspective and Contemporary Trends in Student Organising. Studies in Higher Education. Londres, v. 39, n. 3, p. 396-411, 2014.
KLEMENČIČ, Manja; PARK, Bo Yun. Student Politics: Between Representation and Activism. In: CANTWELL, Brendan (Ed.) Handbook on the Politics of Higher Education. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018. p. 468-486.
LEE, Francis L. F. et al. Social Media and Protest Attitudes During Movement Abeyance: A Study of Hong Kong University Students. International Journal of Communication. Los Angeles, v. 14, n. 0, p. 4932–4951, 2020.
LEE, Siu-yau. Massification without Equalisation: The Politics of Higher Education, Graduate Employment and Social Mobility in Hong Kong. Journal of Education and Work. Londres, v. 29, n. 1, p. 13-31, 2016.
LUESCHER, Thierry M. Theorising Student Activism in and beyond the 20th Century: The Contribution of Philip G. Altbach. In: KLEMENČIČ, Manja. et al (eds.) Student Engagement in Europe: Society, Higher Education and Student Governance. Strasbourg: Council of Europe, 2015. p. 33-49.
LUESCHER, Thierry M. et al. Student Politics in Africa: Representation and Activism. Cape Town: African Minds. 2016.
MANATHUNGA, Catherine. The Role of Universities in Nation-Building in 1950s Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. History of Education Review. Bingley, v. 45, n. 1, p. 2-15, 2016.
MANNHEIM, Karl. The Problem of Generations. In: MANNHEIM, Karl. Essays on the Sociology of Knowledge: Collected Works. New York: Routledge, 1952. p. 276-322.
MARGINSON, Simon. Nation-Building Universities in a Global Environment: The Case of Australia. Higher Education. Londres, v. 43, n. 3, p. 409-428, 2002.
MARKARIAN, Vania. Uruguay, 1968: Student Activism from Global Counterculture to Molotov Cocktails. Oakland: University of California Press, 2017.
MARSISKE, Renate. (Ed.) Movimientos estudiantiles en la historia de América Latina. Mexico: Plaza Valdes, 1999. v. 1.
MELUCCI, Alberto. The Symbolic Challenge of Contemporary Movements. Social Research. Baltimore, v. 52, n. 4, p. 789-816, 1985.
MELUCCI, Alberto. Nomads of the Present: Social Movements and Individual Needs in Contemporary Society. Philadelphia: Hutchinson Radius, 1989.
MILLÁN, Mariano; SEIA, Guadalupe. El movimiento estudiantil como sujeto de conflicto social en Argentina (1871-2019). Apuntes para una mirada de larga duración. Revista de la Carrera de Sociología. Buenos Aires, v. 9, n. 9, p. 124-166, 2019.
MUÑOZ TAMAYO, Víctor. Juventud y política en Chile: hacia un enfoque generacional. Última década. Buenos Aires, v. 19, n. 35, p. 113-41, 2011.
MUÑOZ TAMAYO, Víctor. Generaciones: juventud universitaria e izquierdas políticas en Chile y México (Universidad de Chile - UNAM 1984-2006). Santiago: LOM Ediciones. 2012.
MUÑOZ TAMAYO, Víctor; DURÁN-MIGLIARDI, Carlos. Los jóvenes, la política y los movimientos estudiantiles en el Chile reciente: ciclos sociopolíticos entre 1967 y 2017. Izquierdas. Santiago, n. 45, p 129-59, 2019.
ORDORIKA, Imanol. Student Movements and Politics in Latin America: A Historical Reconceptualization. Higher Education. Londres, v. 83, n. 2, p. 297-315, 2022.
ORDORIKA, Imanol. Educación superior y globalización: las universidades públicas frente a una nueva hegemonía. Andamios. Mexico, v. 3, n. 5, p. 31-47, 2006.
PALACIOS-VALLADARES, Indira. With or Without Them: Contemporary Student Movements and Parties in the Southern Cone. The Latin Americanist. Wingate, v. 60, n. 2, p. 243-268, 2016.
PIS DIEZ, Nayla. Donde antes estaba solamente admitido el oligarca: la gratuidad de la educación superior, a 70 años. In: BENENTE, Mauro (Ed.) La supresión del cobro de aranceles universitarios en Argentina (1949/1952/1954): Posiciones y oposiciones en torno a una pieza clave del ‘modelo peronista de universidad’. José Carlos Paz: Edunpaz, 2019. p. 19-42.
RHOADS, Robert A.; TORRES, Carlos A. The University, State, and Market: The Political Economy of Globalization in the Americas. Standford: Stanford University Press, 2006.
ROGGERO, Gigi. The Production of Living Knowledge: The Crisis of the University and the Transformation of Labor in Europe and North America. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2011.
RUCHT, Dieter. The Strategies and Action Repertoires of New Movements. In: DALTON Russell; KUECHLER, Manfred. Challenging the Political Order: New Social and Political Movements in Western Democracies. Cambridge: Polity, 1990. p. 156-175.
SLAUGHTER, Sheila; LESLIE, Larry L. Academic Capitalism: Politics, Policies, and the Entrepreneurial University. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
TARROW, Sidney G. Power in Movement. Social Movements and Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
TAYLOR, Verta. Social Movement Continuity: The Women’s Movement in Abeyance. American Sociological Review. Washington, v. 54, n. 5, p. 761-775, 1989.
TOURAINE, Alain. The May Movement: Revolt and Reform. New York: Random House, 1971.
TOURAINE, Alain. The Post-Industrial Society: Tomorrow’s Social History: Classes, Conflicts and Culture in the Programmed Society. New York: Wildwood House, 1974. ZERMEÑO, Sergio. México, una democracia utópica: el movimiento estudiantil del 68. México: Siglo XXI, 1994.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 César Guzmán-Concha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Esboços: histories in global contexts adopts an Open Access policy and it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). Authors will be asked to sign an open access license agreement before publication.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors grant the journal Esboços: histórias em contextos globais (ISSN 2175-7976) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
- This license allows users to remix, transform, and build upon the material, on the condition of giving acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- 3.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or a personal website, or publish it as a book chapter or a translation).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
