Anatomical characterization and chemical profiles of <I>Avicennia schaueriana</I> and <I>Rhizophora mangle</I> leaves from impacted and not impacted mangroves of São Paulo

Abstract

Currently, ecosystems known as mangroves have been focus of many researches, concerning fauna, flora, ecology and others. The demand for knowledge about this ecosystem comes mainly, from the need to understand consequences of current and future human actions. This study aims to characterize the anatomy and compare, together with chemical profiles, leaves of Avicennia schaueriana and Rhizophora mangle, from impacted (estuary of the city of Santos) and non impacted (estuary of the city of Peruíbe) mangroves of the São Paulo coast, correlating possible differences with sources of environmental impact from each area. For A. schaueriana, no significant differrences were observed related to anatomical analyzed aspects. For R.mangle, there was a higher estomatic density on leaves from the impacted environment, increase of thickness in the palisade parenchyma, decreased of thickness in the spongy parenchyma and expansion of the main vascular bundle region. Chemical analysis showed that the groups of compounds showed in chromatographic profiles differ in quantity and quality to R. mangle and only in quantity for A. schaueriana