OXXO and predatory capitalism: regulatory limits and labor exploitation

Abstract

This study critically analyzes the operations of the retail chain OXXO in Brazil, aiming to understand how its business model reflects the logic of predatory capitalism and contributes to the precarization of labor relations. A qualitative method is employed, based on bibliographic review, document analysis, and secondary data, such as labor law guides, court decisions and journalistic reports, respectively. The research identifies recurring violations of labor rights, including excessive working hours, harassment, lack of security, insufficient psychological support, and discriminatory practices, revealing the inadequacy of both domestic and international regulation in addressing the conduct of transnational corporations. It finds that existing mechanisms, such as the ILO Declaration and UN Guiding Principles, are merely advisory and lack binding force. The study concludes that OXXO’s expansion exposes the weakness of state oversight in the face of globalized capital and highlights the urgency of robust public policies, effective regulation, and alternative business models that prioritize workers’ dignity and protection.