Public consultation, (Bio) ethics and democracy

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0259.2023.e90787

Keywords:

Public Participation, Environmental Licensing, Ethics, Democracy

Abstract

Public participation is a fundamental democratic mechanism to evaluate the quality of the decision-making process involving environmental licensing. The operation of public participation in environmental licensing may occur through direct or indirect means, indicating greater or less capacity for social accountability in the relationship between communities and enterprises that will produce environmental impacts that will affect these communities to a greater or lesser extent and scope. The institutional and political viability of paralyzing the voice of those affected by entrepreneurship in the environmental licensing process thus becomes much more than a democratic procedure, but a form of bioethical exercise in the relationship
between social actors, the State and economic agents. The purpose of this proposal is to evaluate the extent to which public participation in environmental licensing regarding the Environmental Study of Sedimentary Area (EAAS) of the Sergipe-Alagoas/Jacuípe sea basin. The public consultation is a democratic mechanism for conflict environmental resolution, and it should be understood as an applied ethical bet on political action by recognizing that rights incorporated as human rights.
For our eminently interdisciplinary aim, Political Science, Environmental Impact Assessment and Bioethics are fields that mediate this reflection and allow us to reflect the necessary procedural adjustments to an imperfect democratic mechanism.

Author Biographies

Diego Freitas Rodrigues

Doctor in Political Science at the Federal University of São Carlos with the "Sandwich" stage at the Center for Demographic, Urban and Environmental Studies of the College of Mexico. Specialist in Bioethics at the University of Caxias do Sul. Works as Collaborating Researcher at the Institute of Technology and Research (ITP - Sergipe). Professor of the Post-Graduation Program in Society, Technologies and Public Policies of the Tiradentes University Center and Professor of the Post-Graduation Program in Health and Environment of the Tiradentes University. Associate Member of the International Network on Collective Health and Intercultural Health [RED SACSIC]. Member of the Brazilian Association of Impact Assessment (ABAI) and the Brazilian Association of Political Science (ABCP). Titular Member of Civil Society and President of the Management Committee for Extra-patrimonial Damages linked to the MPF-MP/AL - Pinheiro/Braskem case. Member of the Deliberative Council of the RESEX Marinha Federal da Lagoa do Jequiá and Member of the Municipal Council of Science, Technology and Innovation of Maceió - CMCTI. Areas of interest: Assessment of Environmental Impacts; bioethics; Assessment of Public Policies in the area of ​​Environmental Health; Public politics.

Vivianny Galvão

Doctor of Legal Sciences at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Professor of International Law and Human Law at the Tiradentes University Center, Full Professor I of the Post-Graduation Program in Society, Technologies and Public Policies (Mestrado e Doutorado) (SOTEPP) do Tiradentes University Center. Member of ILA/Brazil - Associação de Direito Internacional (2020-). Participant of the Center for Studies and Research of International Law and International Relations of the Academy of International Law of Haia/Holland (2016). Member of the OAB-AL Special Commission on Sexual and Gender Diversity (2018). President of the International Law Commission of the OAB/AL (2022-). Scholar of the ILA (International Law Association) at the Kyoto/Japan Conference in 2020. Coordinator of Post-Graduation Lato Sensu em Direitos Fundamentais with Legal Residence at the Public Defender of the State of Alagoas. Areas of study: International Human Rights Law; Citizenship; Public policies and development.

Gustavo de Macedo Veras

Doctoral student in Society, Technology and Public Policy at Centro Universitário Tiradentes - UNIT/AL. He holds a degree in Law from the Center for Higher Studies of Maceió (2000), a Specialization in Private Law from the Center for Higher Studies of Maceió / Legal Bureau (2002) and a Master's in Law from the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (2014). He is currently a Partner at Rebelo Veras Advogados Associados Law Firm, Adjunct Professor I at Centro Universitário Tiradentes -UNIT. He has experience in the field of Law, with emphasis on Social Security Law, Economic and Social and Environmental Law, Consumer Law and Labor Law.

References

ALMEIDA, R. S. de, PONTES, A. de A., and SANTOS, C. J. S. (2012). Complexa tessitura da cadeia produtiva da pesca artesanal na comunidade Vila dos Pescadores de Jaraguá, Maceió-AL; In: I Seminàrio Nacional de Geoecologia e Planejamento Territorial e IV Seminário de Geoplan, Sergipe.

ARENDT, H. A promessa da política. (2008). Organização e introdução de Jerome Kohn. Tradução de Pedro Jorgensen Jr. Rio de Janeiro, Difel, p. 147.

BRAZIL (2022). Estudo Ambiental de Área Sedimentar (EAAS) das bacias sedimentares marítimas de Sergipe-Alagoas e Jacuípe. Available at: https://www.gov.br/anp/pt-br/assuntos/exploracao-e-producao-de-oleo-e-gas/seguranca-operacional-e-meio-ambiente/

estudo-ambiental-de-area-sedimentar-de-sergipe-alagoas-e-jacuipe. Access in: 14/09/2022.

CORREIA, M. D., and SOVIERZOSKI, H. H. (2005). Ecossistemas marinhos: recifes, praias e manguezais. Maceió: EDUFAL.

DAHL, R. (2005). Poliarquia: participação e oposição. São Paulo, Editora da Universidade de São Paulo.

JUNGES, J. R. (2014). Bioética e Meio Ambiente num contexto de América Latina. Revista RedBioética/UNESCO, 5(1/II): pp. 13-19.

JUNGES JR, ZOBOLI ELC. (2012). Bioética e saúde coletiva: convergências epistemológicas. Cienc Saude Colet.; 17(4):1049-60.

JULLIEN, F. (2008). De l’universel: de l’uniforme, du commun et du dialogue entre les cultures. Paris, Fayard.

KRELL, A. J. (2008). Desenvolvimento sustentável às avessas nas praias de Maceió-AL: a liberação de “espigões” pelo novo código de urbanismo e edificações. Maceió: EDUFAL.

OLIVEIRA, A. A. S. (1998). Turismo e comunidade: a configuração do sofrimento psicossocial em um povoado de pescadores. (186 p.). Dissertação, Mestrado em Psicologia Social, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, São Paulo.

PEIXOTO, A. C. B. (2013). Pescador de ilusões: o trabalho da pesca artesanal e a sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento em comunidades pesqueiras nos municípios de Pão de Açucar e Olho D´Água do Casado no Baixo São Francisco alagoano. Maceio, poligraf.

POTTER, V. R. (1971). Bioethics: bridge to the future. EnglewoodCliffs: Prentice-Hall.

RIBEIRO, C. D. M. (2017). Bioética, pesquisa qualitativa e equilíbrio reflexivo. Rev. bioét. (Impr.). 2017; 25 (1): 44-51 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-80422017251165

SEN, A. (2000). Desenvolvimento como liberdade. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.

SÁNCHEZ, L. E. (2013). Development of Environmental Impact Assessment in Brazil. UVP Report, v. 27, p. 193-200.

TOLEDO, R. F. de. (2012). Sentidos da pesca e a pesca dos sentidos um estudo psicossocial para compreensão do sumiço dos peixes da pesca de curral em Ipioca-Maceió-AL. Rev. de Estudos Universitários, Sorocaba (SP), 38(1): pp. 191-195, June.

VERAS, G.M. Pescadores artesanais marítimos de Alagoas: o papel do direito na busca da sustentabilidade. Maceió-AL, EDUFAL, 2015 p. 237/238.

WEBLER, T., and RENN, O. (1995). A brief primer on participation: philosophy and practice. In: Renn, O., Webler, T., and Wiedemann, P. (org.). Fairness and competence in citizen participation. Dordrechet, Kluwer, (pp. 17-33).

Downloads

Published

2023-07-17

Issue

Vol. 26 No. 2 (2023): Crise do Capital, Direitos Humanos e Luta de Classes

Section

Open-themed space

License

Copyrights for articles published in this journal are the author's, with first publication rights for the journal. Due to appearing in this Public Access Magazine, the articles are free to use, with their own attributions, in educational, professional and public management applications. The Magazine adopted the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. This license allows you to copy, distribute and reproduce in any medium, as well as adapt, transform and create from this material, provided that for non-commercial purposes and that due credit is given to the authors and the source, a link to the Creative License is inserted. Commons and whether changes have been made. In such cases, no permission is required from the authors or editors. Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publishing in institutional repository or a book chapter).