Anarquismo e não-dominação
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7984.2021.e77729Resumo
Neste artigo recuperamos temas republicanos, como não-dominação, tirania e escravidão, no anarquismo clássico, para expor os limites da revitalização republicana neorromana contemporânea. Para anarquistas, o Estado-nação moderno e a propriedade privada são antitéticos à liberdade como não-dominação, atuando como limites estruturais à liberdade em vez de como meios para sua realização. Reanalisamos os fundamentos dessa crítica, propondo dois argumentos. Primeiro, que um comprometimento, seja com o Estado ou com a propriedade privada, representa um comprometimento moral e ético positivo sem fundamento que enviesa a teoria negativa de liberdade que republicanos contemporâneos buscam desenvolver. Segundo, que o comprometimento moral com o Estado faz com que o republicanismo neorromano seja essencialmente conservador. Teorias anarquistas da liberdade como não-dominação vão muito além do que a revitalização republicana parece permitir, abrindo novas possibilidades para inovações institucionais e constitucionais, permanecendo ao mesmo tempo consistentes com o valor normativo nuclear do republicanismo, a não-dominação.
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