Multiculturalismo e tolerância às restrições internas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2021.e82311Resumo
Una crítica común al multiculturalismo señala que este es tolerante con las restricciones internas, esto es, con restricciones a los derechos básicos de integrantes de las minorías vulnerables al interior de las minorías culturales. Este artículo responde a esa crítica, identificando tres motivaciones que fundamentan al multiculturalismo como teoría política normativa – comunitarista, pluralista, individualista – y argumentando que la tolerancia con las restricciones internas solo es compatible con la primera y la tercera. Argumento también que la tolerancia con las restricciones internas del multiculturalismo individualista no es consecuencia de la lógica normativa de esta concepción de la justicia y, por lo tanto, no se ve afectado por la crítica. De esta manera, el artículo revindica al multiculturalismo individualista como una teoría de la justicia y sugiere su relevancia para analizar preguntas de justicia social de los pueblos indígenas de América Latina.
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