Women's subordination and their right to resist

Authors

  • Eduarda Calado Barbosa IIF/SADAF/CONICET

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-8412.2021.e79428

Abstract

This essay seeks to combine Frèdéric Gros’ concept of subordination, presented in Disobey: The philosophy of Resistance, with the theory of women’s subordination proposed by feminist philosophers aligned with the Speech Acts Theory framework. It purports to show that the paternalism identified by Gros as a trademark of subordinative arrangements is present as such in sexist societies, playing a justificatory role in what concerns the morality of the subordination of women to men. I discuss uses of sexist derogatory words to show that such words reflect a patriarchal worldview, evoking paternalistic stereotypes. Additionally, I argue that counter-speech and slur appropriation can work as efficacious forms of resistance and disobedience to the patriarchy.

References

AUSTIN, J.L. How to do Things with Words. 2nd ed. J.O. Urmson and M. Sbisá (eds.), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962.

AUSTIN, J.L. Philosophical Papers. URMSON, J. & WARNOCK, G. (ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.

BARNES, A. E. Slurred speech: free speech rights and social media on the college campus, 2014. Retrieved from the University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/167285.

CARVALHO, Mario. ““Travesti”,“mulher transexual”,“homem trans” e “não binário”: interseccionalidades de classe e geração na produção de identidades políticas”. Cadernos Pagu, n. 52, 2018.

CROOM, A. M. Slurs. Language Sciences, v. 33, n. 3, p. 343-358, 2011.

GILBERT, D. T.; MALONE, P. S. The correspondence bia”. Psychological bulletin, v. 117, n 1, p. 21-38, 1995.

GROS, F. Disobey!A Philosophy of Resistance New York: Ed.Verso. 2020.

HORNSBY, J. Feminism in philosophy of language: communicative speech acts. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

HORNSBY, J.; LANGTON, R. Free speech and illocution. Legal Theory, v. 4, n.1, pp. 21–37, 1998.

LANGTON, R. Speech acts and unspeakable acts. Philosophy & Public Affairs, v. 22, p. 293-330, 1993.

LANGTON, R. Blocking as counter-speech. In: FOGAL, D., HARRIES, D.W.; MOSS, M. (ed.). New work on speech acts, 2018. p.144-156.

MACKEY, W. C.; CONEY, N. S. Gender roles, traditions, and generations to come: the collision of competing interests and the feminist paradox. New York: Nova Publishers, 2000.

MARGOLIS, H. “17 times Politicians have resorted to wildly sexist speech over the last year”. Em The New York Time, 13 mar. 2017. Disponível em: https://www.hrw.org/news/2017/03/13/17-times-politicians-have-resorted-wildly-sexist-speech-over-last-year. Acesso em: 24 de agosto de 2021.

MANNE, K. Down girl: The logic of misogyny. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.

MILLER, F. “Aristotle’s Political Theory’. In: ZALTA, E. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Palo Alto: CSLI 2017. Available in: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-politics/. Access in: oct. 10, 2020.

NEWMAN, W. L. (ed.). Politics of Aristotle: with an introduction, two prefatory essays and notes critical and explanatory. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

OLIVEIRA, M. B. de; GROSSI, M. P. “A invenção das categorias travesti e transexual no discurso científico”. Revista Estudos Feministas, v. 22, n. 2, pp. 699-701, 2014.

PLATO. The Republic.Hong Kong: Naxos, 2001.

POPA-WYATT, M.; WYATT, J.L. Slurs, roles and power. Philosophical Studies, v. 175, n.11, p. 2879-2906, 2017.

SEARLE, J. Austin on locutionary and illocutionary acts. The Philosophical Review, v. 77, p. 405-424, 1968.

STALNAKER, R. Context and content: Essays on intentionality in speech and thought. Oxford: OCSS, 1999.

STALNAKER, R. Common Ground. Linguistics and Philosophy, v. 25, n.5-6, p. 701-721, 2002.

STANLEY, J. How propaganda works. Princeton: University Press, 2015.

SWANSON, E. Slurs and ideologies. Analyzing Ideology: Rethinking the Concept, 2015. Available in: http://www-personal.umich.edu/~ericsw/research/Swanson,%20Slurs%20and%20Ideologies%20November%202015.pdf. Access in: Nov. 7, 2020.

TIRRELL, L. Toxic speech: Toward an epidemiology of discursive harm. Philosophical topics, v. 45, n 2, p. 139-162, 2017.

VANDERVEKEN, D. Meaning and speech acts, vols I and II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Downloads

Published

2021-09-10

Issue

Section

Dossiê | Obedecer e Insurgir