Report Card Brasil: uma revisão sistemática atualizada da prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2026v28e110389Palabras clave:
Saúde pública, Epidemiologia, Pediatria, Índice de Massa CorporalResumen
O objetivo do presente estudo foi sumarizar as prevalências, tendências seculares e fatores associados ao sobrepeso e à obesidade em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros, a fim de atualizar os dados de 2018 e 2019 publicados no Report Card de 2020. A busca sistemática foi conduzida em nove bases de dados, restrita a estudos publicados durante o período de Janeiro de 2020 a Dezembro de 2024. Após a análise de 82 estudos, as prevalências gerais foram de 18,4% para sobrepeso, de 10,7% para obesidade e de 29,7% para excesso de peso. Ao considerar os dados gerais de acordo com o sexo, os meninos apresentaram prevalências levemente superiores às meninas de sobrepeso (18,3% vs 18,1%), obesidade (11,2% vs 9,7%) e excesso de peso (31,9% e 29,9%). Ao estratificar as informações por crianças e adolescentes, foram observadas prevalências de 18,3% e 18,5% para sobrepeso, de 16,5% e 8,5% para obesidade e de 35,3% e 28,5% para excesso de peso, respectivamente. Estudos de tendência secular demonstram uma estabilização nas prevalências de sobrepeso, obesidade e excesso de peso nos meninos, enquanto nas meninas as prevalências ainda apresentam ascensão em seus valores. A partir disso, medidas preventivas voltadas à redução das prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade devem ser desenvolvidas e fortalecidas, assim como programas de tratamento direcionados ao manejo da obesidade infantil, os quais devem constituir prioridade máxima no âmbito do sistema público de saúde.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Jean Carlos Parmigiani De Marco, Nelson Nardo Junior, Clair Costa Miranda, Greice Westphal-Nardo, Mateus Augusto Bim, Tiago Rodrigues de Lima, Andreia Pelegrini
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