Nível de atividade física de crianças pré-escolares chilenas durante cada período do dia escolar: comparação por presença de aula de educação física e horário escolar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2025v27e96864Palavras-chave:
Chile, Exercício Físico, Educação Física e Treinamento, Pré-EscolarResumo
Objetivou-se avaliar o nível de atividade física (NAF) de pré-escolares chilenos durante cada segmento e durante todo o dia escolar, segundo sexo, presença de aulas de educação física (EF) e duração do horário escolar. Estudo observacional, transversal, incluindo 630 pré-escolares, 50% meninas (5,2 anos ± 0,3), que usavam acelerômetros durante o dia escolar. Comparamos, em dias com e sem EF, o tempo em comportamento sedentário (CS), atividade física moderada-vigorosa (AFMV) e NAF durante cada segmento e durante todo o dia letivo, segundo sexo e horário escolar (meio dia ou dia inteiro), conforme bem como AFMV entre crianças mais e menos ativas. Foram utilizados os testes de Mann Whitney e Wilcoxon para amostras dependentes. Nos dias sem EF, 60% do tempo dos pré-escolares praticavam CS, principalmente durante as aulas curriculares (60,8% e 53,8% em meio período e período integral, respetivamente), e 8% em AFMV, principalmente durante o recreio (56,9% e 49,5% durante meio e integral respetivamente). Nos dias com EF, tanto meninos quanto meninas praticaram AFMV significativamente maior (meninos: 9,3% sem EF e 13,4% com EF; meninas: 7,4% sem EF e 10,2% com EF). Os meninos passaram uma proporção significativamente maior de tempo em AFMV do que as meninas (9,4% meninos e 7,3% meninas). Pré-escolares ativos praticam mais AFMV não apenas durante todo o dia escolar, mas também durante cada segmento. Para aumentar o NAF em pré-escolares, especialmente em meninas, pelo menos dois aspetos devem ser considerados, proporcionando aulas curriculares mais ativas e aumentando a atividade em dias sem EF.
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