The effect of verbal agreement marking on the use of null and overt subjects: a quantitative study of first person singular in Brazilian Portuguese
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-8412.2019v16n1p3579Resumo
Em um estudo de corpus e em dois experimentos de aceitabilidade, investigamos se existe uma preferência por sujeitos nulos ou pronominais com verbos ambíguos (sincréticos) ou exclusivos (não-ambíguos) no Português Brasileiro (PB). A literatura propõe que o PB (i) está desativando o “Princípio Evitar Pronome” e (ii) é uma língua parcialmente “pro-drop”, cujos contextos morfossintáticos para sujeitos nulos são restritos. Nosso estudo de corpus e os experimentos de aceitabilidade mostram que há um efeito do sincretismo de pessoas no paradigma verbal sobre a frequência relativa de sujeitos nulos e sobre a aceitabilidade de sentenças com sujeitos nulos na primeira pessoa do singular: há uma tendência a evitar ambiguidade para sujeitos nulos com formas verbais ambíguas, mas apenas em contextos em que há competição de antecedentes. Esses resultados são analisados à luz de uma teoria geral da resolução da anáfora (Ariel 1990, etc.), como resultado de um cálculo levando em conta a acessibilidade dos antecedentes potenciais e o custo da forma anafórica (ALMOR, 1996).
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