The efficiency of natural and unnatural factors for the major world economies

Authors

  • Thiago Costa Soares Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG
  • Elaine Aparecida Fernandes Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG
  • Silvia Harumi Toyoshima Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2013v10n2p282

Abstract

The aim of this essay was to evaluate the efficiency of natural and unnatural inputs for the world’s largest economies and to group them according to their shared features in relation to the efficiency of these inputs. The theoretical framework is based on the theory of economic growth that considers natural resources as a factor of production. The analytical referential is based on the factor analysis, the technique Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the cluster analysis. The results show that the average efficiency of productive inputs was less than 50%, which indicates that the production factors are not being properly used or that some infrastructure for them used in the production process is missing. If there are technical efficiency issues, countries need to invest in structural reforms as building roads, ports, airports etc. If scale inefficiency is the case, capital tax reduction, a search for foreign resources, lowering the external debt, etc., are important factors in reducing this inefficiency. However, it is important to note that, in many cases, it will be necessary to use all these measures for countries to achieve the efficient frontier.

Author Biographies

Thiago Costa Soares, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

Mestrando em Economia pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Possui Graduação em Economia pela Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, MG, Brasil. Atuou ultimamente nos seguintes temas: Economia do Crime, Economia Ambiental e Crescimento Econômico.

Elaine Aparecida Fernandes, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

Doutorado em Economia Aplicada pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil, professora adjunta III desta Universidade.

Silvia Harumi Toyoshima, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

Doutorado em Ciência Econômica pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (1997) e pós doutorado pela University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (2005). Atualmente é professora associada da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. É coordenadora do Programa de Mestrado em Economia. É bolsista do IPEA no Programa Cátedras para o Desenvolvimento.

Published

2013-12-10

Issue

Section

Articles