Do biological maturity and performance influence the training load of track and field athletes?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e60662Abstract
It is necessary to clarify if BM and track and field performance can modulate the perception about RPE-session. The purpose of the present study was to verify if biological maturity and track and field-specific performance can be associated with training load (RPE-session method). Seventy-five young athletes (13-15 years old) of both genders participated in the present study. The experimental protocol lasted seven consecutive days. Performance tests (75-m running, long jump, 250-m running, shot put and 1000-m running) were made on the first day. After 48 hours, five days of track and field training it was prescribed, each day represents a training of each performance test. All training sessions had the same duration (120 min). The value of the training load was obtained multiplying the RPE value with training session duration (in minutes). For girls, the training load of 250-m training was correlated with biological maturity (r = -0.36, p = 0.02, n = 37) and specific performance (r = 0.33, p = 0.04, n = 37). All other analyzes indicate that biological maturity and track and field-specific performance do not influence the training load based on RPE-session method. Training load based on RPE-session is not influenced by biological maturity and track and field-specific performance, therefore can be used to control the training load of young track and field athletes. To girls it is necessary a care to control the training sessions intensity of 250-m running.
References
Borresen J, Lambert MI. The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sport Med 2009;39(9):779–95.
Meeusen R, Duclos M, Foster C, Fry A, Gleeson M, Nieman D, et al. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the overtraining syndrome: Joint consensus statement of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Eur J Sport Sci 13:1–24.
Foster C, Daines E, Hector L, Snyder AC, Welsh R. Athletic performance in relation to training load. Wis Med J 1996;95(6):370–4.
Foster C, Florhaug JA, Franklin J, Gottschall L, Hrovatin LA, Parker S, et al. A new approach to monitoring exercise training. J Strength Cond Res 2001 Feb;15(1).
Suzuki S, Sato T, Maeda A, Takahashi Y. Program design based on a mathematical model using rating of perceived exertion for an elite japanese sprinter: acase study. J Strength Cond Res 2006;20(1):36–42.
Cruz R, Bertuzzi RC, Alves DL, Azevedo R, Castro PH, Freitas JV, et al. Factors determining 800-m running performance in young male athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018;58(6).
Lambert M, Borresen J. A theoretical basis of monitoring fatigue: a practical approach for coaches. Int J Sports Sci Coach 2006;1(4):371–88.
Cruz R, Alves DL, Azevedo R, Bertuzzi R, De-Oliveira FR, Lima JRP. Monitoring the training intensity and recovery with a psychometrics approach: a gender comparison with young athletes. Motriz: J Phys Ed 2017;23(3):1–5.
Figueiredo AJ, Coelho e Silva MJ, Malina RM. Predictors of functional capacity and skill in youth soccer players. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011;21(3):446–54.
Leonardi TJ, Paes RR, Breder L, Foster C, Gonçalves CE, Carvalho HM. Biological maturation, training experience, body size and functional capacity of adolescent female basketball players: A Bayesian analysis. Int J Sports Sci Coach 2018;1747954118772489.
Malina RM, Bouchard C, Bar-Or O. Growth, maturation, and physical activity. Human Kinetics; 2004.
Sherar LB, Cumming SP, Eisenmann JC, Baxter-Jones ADG, Malina RM. Adolescent biological maturity and physical activity: biology meets behavior. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2010;22(3):332–49.
Cripps AJ, Joyce C, Woods CT, Hopper LS. Biological maturity and the anthropometric, physical and technical assessment of talent identified U16 Australian footballers. Int J Sports Sci Coach 2017;12(3):344–50.
Marcelino PR, de Arruda AFS, Oliveira R de, Saldanha Aoki M, Freitas CG, Moreira A. ¿ El nivel de condición física puede influir en la magnitud de la carga interna del entrenamiento en jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto? Rev Andaluza Med del Deport 2013;6(3):115–9.
Manzi V, D’Ottavio S, Impellizzeri FM, Chaouachi A, Chamari K, Castagna C. Profile of Weekly Training Load in Elite Male Professional Basketball Players. J Strength Cond Res 2010;24(5):1399–406.
Milanez VF, Pedro RE, Moreira A, Boullosa DA, Salle-Neto F, Nakamura FY. The role of aerobic fitness on session rating of perceived exertion in futsal players. Int J Sport Physiol Perform 2011;6(3):358–66.
MacDougall JD, Wenger HA, Green HJ. Physiological testing of the high-performance athlete. Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics Books; 1991.
Khamis HJ, Roche AF. Predicting adult stature without using skeletal age: the Khamis-Roche method. Vol. 94, Pediatrics. Am Acad Pediatrics; 1994. p. 504–7.
Khamis HJ, Roche AF. Growth Outcome of “Normal” Short Children who are Retarded in Skeletal Maturation. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1995;8(2):85–96.
Bidaurrazaga-Letona I, Carvalho HM, Lekue JA, Santos-Concejero J, Figueiredo AJ, Gil SM. Longitudinal field test assessment in a Basque soccer youth academy: A multilevel modeling framework to partition effects of maturation. Int J Sports Med 2015;36(3):234–40.
Valente-Dos-Santos J, Coelho-E-Silva MJ, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Elferink-Gemser MT, Malina RM, Petroski ÉL, et al. Prediction equation for lower limbs lean soft tissue in circumpubertal boys using anthropometry and biological maturation. Plos One 2014;9(9):e107219.
Los Arcos A, Martínez-Santos R, Yanci J, Mendiguchia J, Méndez-Villanueva A. Negative associations between perceived training load, volume and changes in physical fitness in professional soccer players. J Sports Sci Med 2015;14(2):394.
Halson SL. Monitoring Training Load to Understand Fatigue in Athletes. Vol. 44, Sports Medicine. Springer; 2014. p. 139–47.
Hegge AM, Myhre K, Welde B, Holmberg HC, Sandbakk Ø. Are gender differences in upper-body power generated by elite cross-country skiers augmented by increasing the intensity of exercise? Plos One 2015;10(5):e0127509.
Sandbakk Ø, Ettema G, Holmberg H. Gender differences in endurance performance by elite cross?country skiers are influenced by the contribution from poling. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014;24(1):28–33.
Seiler S, De Koning JJ, Foster C. The fall and rise of the gender difference in elite anaerobic performance 1952-2006. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007;39(3):534.
Weber CL, Chia M, Inbar O. Gender differences in anaerobic power of the arms and legs-a scaling issue. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006;38(1):129.
Yanci J, Cámara J, Vizcay JJ, Young WB. Examining age and gender effects in physical performance in young athletes aged 12–16 years. Int J Sports Sci Coach 2016;11(4):538–44.
Jones MA, Hitchen PJ, Stratton G. The importance of considering biological maturity when assessing physical fitness measures in girls and boys aged 10 to 16 years. Ann Hum Biol 2000;27(1):57–65.
