The deadly perception of the witness: focalization in Markus Zusak’s The Book Thief

Authors

  • Débora Almeida de Oliveira Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS
  • Sandra Sirangelo Maggio Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n1p135

Abstract

For a better understanding of a given narrative it is essential to be aware of the one who perceives (the focalizer). His beliefs and comprehension determine which characters and circumstances are to be ignored or closely examined through his use of sight, hearing, feeling, taste or smell. Therefore, the issue concerning focalization is relevant to be taken into consideration when a literary work is analyzed. In the present article the work by the Australian author Markus Zusak, The Book Thief, is discussed under the assumptions from the narratological field, especially guided by Gérard Genette, Mieke Bal and Rimmon-Kenan. It is argued that focalization in The Book Thief is one of the main literary techniques which help creating the atmosphere and meaning of the text. 

Author Biographies

Débora Almeida de Oliveira, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS

PhD candidate at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

Sandra Sirangelo Maggio, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS

PhD in English Literatures and Professor at the Languages Department and Graduate Program at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

References

BAL, Mieke. (1981). “The Laughing Mice: Or: On Focalization.” In: Poetics Today, Vol. 2, N. 2, Narratology III: Narration and Perspective in Fiction. p. 202-210.

___________. (1997) Narratology: Introduction to the theory of Narrative. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

GENETTE, Gérard. (1980) Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. New York: Cornell University Press, 1980.

HERMAN, Luc; VERVAECK, Bart. (2005) Handbook of Narrative Analysis: Frontiers of Narrative. Nebraska: UNP, 2005.

JAHN, Manfred. (1996) “Windows of focalization: deconstructing and reconstructing a narratological concept.” In: Style. Vol. 30, N. 02, p. 241 – 267.

JONG, Irene J. F. de. (2014) Narratology and the Classics: A Practical Guide. Oxford: OUP.

RIMMON-KENAN, Shlomith. (1983) Narrative Fiction: Contemporary Poetics. New York: Routledg.

ZUSAK, Markus. (2006) Interview by Judith Ridge. “Death Gets its Say.” In: Publishers Weekly. Vol. 253, N. 08, p. 61 – 62. Available In: < http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/20060220/6015-death-gets-its-say.html>. Access in: 01st July, 2014.

____________. (2007) The Book Thief. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

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Published

2017-01-27

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Articles