Marketização de anúncios de ensino superior no Japão: um discurso de McEmpregos?

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2022.e83058

Resumo

Investigamos como as forças concorrentes se manifestam interdiscursivamente no ensino superior no Japão por meio de uma análise crítica do discurso (Fairclough, 1993, 1995). Os anúncios de emprego no ensino superior são constitutivos da imagem pública das instituições voltadas para acadêmicos de áreas específicas. São espaços discursivos onde o discurso mercantilizado colonizou discursos anteriormente dominantes das universidades como autoridades independentes (Fairclough, 1993, 1995). Tais discursos mercantilizados no ensino superior expressam ideologias neoliberais e convenções de livre mercado (Ball, 1998; Pack, 2018). No entanto, a extensão internacional da mercantilização do discurso universitário é mais implicitamente assumida do que empiricamente examinada, por isso investigamos essas forças com relação ao ensino superior japonês.

Referências

Arimoto, A. (2011). Effects of changing governance and management on the academic profession. In W. Locke, W. Cummings & D. Fisher (Eds.), Changing governance and management in higher education (pp. 281–319). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1140-2_14

Askehave, I. (2007). The impact of marketization on higher education genres: The international student prospectus as a case in point. Discourse Studies, 9, 723–742. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445607082576

Askehave, I. (2010). Communicative leadership: A discourse analytical perspective on the job advertisement. Journal of Business Communication, 47(3), 313–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943610365310

Ball, S. (1998). Big policies/small world: An introduction to international perspectives in education policy. Comparative Education, 34, 119–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069828225

Bauman, Z., & Donskis, L. (2013). Moral blindness: The loss of sensitivity in liquid modernity. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2000). Liquid modernity. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Bauman, Z. (2007). Consuming life. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

Becher, T., & Trowler, P. (2001). Academic tribes and territories: Intellectual enquiry and the cultures of disciplines (2nd ed.). Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

Brown, R. (2011). The march of the market. In M. Molesworth, R. Scullion, & E. Nixon (Eds.), The marketisation of higher education and the student as consumer (pp. 11–25). London: Routledge.

Childress, H. (2019). The adjunct underclass: How America’s colleges betrayed their faculty, their students, and their mission. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226496832.001.0001

de Wit, H. (2009). Internationalisation of higher education in Europe and its assessment, trends and issues. The Hague: NVAO.

Fairclough, N. (1993). Critical discourse analysis and the marketization of public discourse: The universities. Discourse and Society, 4, 133–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926593004002002

Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. London: Longman.

Fairclough, N. (2012). Critical discourse analysis. In J. Gee & M. Handford (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 9–21). London: Routledge.

Feng, D. (2019). Interdiscursivity, social media and marketized university discourse: A genre analysis of universities’ recruitment posts on WeChat. Journal of Pragmatics, 143, 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2019.02.007

Foucault, M. (1972). The archaeology of knowledge and the discourse on language. London: Tavistock.

Furedi, F. (2011). Introduction to the marketisation of higher education and the student as consumer. In R. S. M. Molesworth & E. Nixon (Eds.), The Marketisation of Higher Education and the Student as Consumer (pp. 1–9). London: Routledge.

GaijinPot. (2019). GaijinPot Jobs. https://jobs.gaijinpot.com/

Gunn, A. C., Berg, D., Hill, M. F., & Haigh, M. (2015). Constructing the academic category of teacher educator in universities’ recruitment processes in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Journal of Education for Teaching, 41(3), 307–320. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2015.1041288

Hadley, G. (2015). English for academic purposes in neoliberal universities: A critical grounded theory. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10449-2

Hall, E. (1976). Beyond culture. New York: Anchor Press.

Hall, J. (1998). Cartels of the mind: Japan's intellectual closed shop. New York: Norton.

Huang, F. (2014). Challenges for higher education and research: A perspective from Japan. Studies in Higher Education, 39(8), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2014.949535

Huang, F. (2015). Changes in Japanese academics' teaching and research, 1992–2011. Studies in Higher Education, 40(10), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1060705

Japan Science and Technology Agency. (2020). jRec-IN Portal. https://jrecin.jst.go.jp/

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. (2017). Application Procedures for Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research-KAKENHI. http://www.gakuin.otsuma.ac.jp/jyosei/joseikin/kakenhi/koubo/2017%20koubo(JSPS)(suishin%20etc)_e.pdf

Indeed. 2020. Indeed. https://jp.indeed.com/

JALT Publications. (2020). Job listings. https://jalt-publications.org/tlt/departments/career-development-corner/jobs

Kress, G. (2012). Multimodal discourse analysis. In J. Gee & M. Handford (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Analysis (pp. 35–51). London: Routledge.

Kuwayama, T. (2017). Japanese anthropology, neoliberal knowledge structuring, and the rise of audit culture: lessons from the academic world system. Asian Anthropology, 16(3), 159-171. https://doi.org/10.1080/1683478X.2017.1346891

Łącka-Badura, J. (2015). Recruitment advertising as an instrument of employer branding: A linguistic perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Lowrie, A., & Hemsley-Brown, J. (2011). On the marketisation and marketing of higher education. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(11-12), 1081–1086. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2011.614733

McCrostie, J. (2010). The right stuff: hiring trends for tenured university positions in Japan. The Language Teacher, 34(5), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.37546/JALTTLT34.5-2

Mok, K. (2011). Liberalization of the privateness in higher education: Funding strategies, changing governance and policy implications in Asia. In P. Teixeira & D. Dill (Eds.), Public vices, private virtues? (pp. 19–47). Sense Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-466-9_2

Molesworth, M., Scullion, R., & Nixon, E. (Eds.). (2011). The marketisation of higher education and the student as consumer. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203842829

Muller, T. & Skeates, C. (forthcoming). Institutionality in Anglophone and Japan University Job Advertisements: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Representations of Academic Work. In Y. Porsché, R. Scholz, & J. N. Singh (Eds.), Institutionality and the Making of Political Concerns: Empirical Analyses of Discursivity and Materiality. Palgrave Macmillan.

Nuttall, J., Brennan, M., Tuinamuana, K. & Cameron, L. (2013). Lost in production: The erasure of the teacher educator in Australian university job advertisements. Journal of Education for Teaching: International Research and Pedagogy, 3(39), 329–343. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2013.799849

Pack, J. (2018). How the neoliberalization of academia leads to thoughtlessness: Arendt and the modern universit. Lanham: Lexington Books.

Pekkola, E., Kivistoe, J., Kohtamaeki, V., Cai, Y., & Lyytinen, A. (2018). Theoretical and methodological perspectives on higher education management and transformation. Tampere: Tampere University Press.

Reilly, J., Turcan, R., & Bugaian, L. (2016). The challenge of university autonomy. In R. Turcan, J. Reilly, & L. Bugaian (Eds.), (Re)discovering university autonomy: The global market paradox of stakeholder and educational values in higher education (pp. 3–26). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137388728_1

Ritzer, G. (2018). The McDonaldization of society: Into the digital age (9th ed). London: Sage. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosm001.pub2

Rivers, D. (2013). Institutionalized native-speakerism: Voices of dissent and acts of resistance. In S. Houghton & D. Rivers (Eds.), Native-speakerism in Japan: Intergroups dynamics in foreign language education (pp. 75–91). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847698704-009

Rivers, D. (2016). Employment advertisements and native-speakerism in Japanese higher education. In F. Copland, S. Garton, & S. Mann (Eds.), LETs and NESTs: Voices, views and vignettes (pp. 79–100). London: British Council.

Saitou, Y. (2011). Higher education in Japan. https://www.nier.go.jp/English/educationjapan/pdf/201109HE.pdf

Teichler, U. (2004). The changing debate on internationalisation of higher education. Higher Education, 48(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HIGH.0000033771.69078.41

Teichler, U., Arimoto, A. & Cummings, W. (2013). The changing academic profession: Major findings of a comparative survey. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6155-1

Turner, J. (2011). Language in the academy: Cultural reflexivity and intercultural dynamics. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847693235

Watanabe, S., Murasawa, M., & Abe, Y. (2013). Internal staff allocation and the changing workload of Japanese professoriate: A multilevel statistical analysis with simulations. US Berkeley, Research and Occasional Papers Series, 1–11.

Wieczorek-Szymanska, A. (2020). Gender diversity in academic sector – case study. Administrative Sciences, 10(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci10030041

Wodak, R. (1996). Disorders of discourse. London: Longman.

Xiong, T. (2012). Discourse and marketization of higher education in China: The genre of advertisements for academic posts. Discourse & Society, 23(3), 318–337. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926511433786

Yamamoto, S. (2012). Higher education reforms in Japan: Changing relationship between government and universities. In H. Schuetze & G. Mendiola (Eds.), State and market in higher education reforms trends, policies and experiences in comparative perspective (pp. 199–209). Dordrecht: Sense Publishers.

Yamamoto, Y., Imai, K., & Taketo, T. (2016). Who search for research grant for what and when? Information Engineering Express, International Institute of Applied Informatics, 2, 11–21.

Yonezawa, A., Akiba, H., & Hirouchi, D. (2009). Japanese university leaders’ perceptions of internationalization. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(2), 125–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315308330847

Publicado

2022-02-09