Evolution of the gender digital gap in Peru: has it improved in the last decade?

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5007/1518-2924.2025.e105075

Keywords:

Gender digital divide, Peru, Internet access, ICT, Rural-urban disparity, Indigenous populations

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the evolution of the gender digital gap in Peru from 2012 to 2022, identifying disparities based on area of residence, age, educational attainment, occupational status, and ethnic condition.

Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, and non-experimental study was conducted using secondary data from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) compiled by the Peruvian National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI). Internet usage indicators were disaggregated by gender and analyzed across key sociodemographic variables.

Results: Although Internet usage among women has increased consistently over the decade, notable gender gaps persist in specific segments. The widest disparities were found in rural areas (9.7 percentage points) and among Indigenous populations (12.2 percentage points). In contrast, parity or near-parity was observed among salaried workers and individuals with higher education.

Conclusions: The digital gender divide in Peru is decreasing in general terms but remains deeply stratified along lines of geography, ethnicity, education, and occupational status. Closing these gaps requires targeted public policies that prioritize vulnerable groups, particularly Indigenous women and rural residents, ensuring equitable access to digital resources and opportunities.

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Author Biographies

Guido Trujillo Valdiviezo, Universidade César vallejo

University professor in postgraduate and undergraduate programs, specializing in Research Methodology, Research Design, and Development. Consultant in Statistics, Technology, Systems, and Informatics. Specialist in Public and Business Management. Systems and Informatics Engineer. Master’s in Public Management with diplomas in Financial and Government Management, Business Management, University Teaching, and Research Methods and Techniques.

Jean Paul Simon Castillo Nuñez, Universidade Privada Norbert Wiener

Candidate for Master in Management at Universidad del Pacífico, and Industrial Engineer. Analyst of
Scientific Production and Technological Management at the Vice-Rectorate for Research of Universidad
Privada Norbert Wiener. Experience in quality education, research, data science, statistics, and
bibliometrics.

Lino Rolando Rodriguez Alegre, Universidade Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión

Undergraduate and postgraduate professor at Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión,
Universidad César Vallejo, and Universidad Tecnológica del Perú. PhD candidate in Administration at
Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Master in Administration from Universidad del Pacífico, and
Fisheries Technology Engineer

Rosario del Pilar Lopez Padilla, Universidade César Vallejo

Food Engineer from Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Master in Administration, and completed
doctoral studies at the same institution. Professional experience in the private sector, specializing in
quality management in agro-industrial and food companies. RENACYT Level VI Professor.

Carlos Guillermo Carbajal Chavez, Universidade Peruana de Ciências Aplicadas

Doctorate in Administration and Master’s in Comprehensive Auditing from Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. Certified Public Accountant with over 30 years of experience in financial accounting, internal, financial, and operational auditing across multisectoral companies.

Augusto Edward Paz Campaña, Cesar Vallejo University

Industrial Engineer with a Master's in Business Administration (MBA) from Spain and ongoing doctoral
studies in Industrial Engineering. Extensive experience in the industrial sector, leading areas such as
production, planning, quality control, logistics, and maintenance. Has held managerial and executive
positions in various textile and industrial companies. Has served as a thesis advisor, thesis jury member, and member of ethics committees.

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A capa da Revista ENCONTROS BIBLI apresenta como título do volume 30 do ano 2025 "Por uma ciência diversa, equitativa, inclusiva e acessível." Visualmente, a imagem destaca várias silhuetas de perfis de rostos humanos, representando diversidade, com diferentes tons de pele. À direita, há uma representação do globo terrestre. Na parte inferior da capa, são exibidas informações institucionais: "Departamento de Ciência da Informação, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação, Portal de Periódicos UFSC." A publicação é datada de 2025, Volume 30, ISSN 1518-2924.

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Published

2025-09-25

How to Cite

TRUJILLO VALDIVIEZO, Guido; CASTILLO NUÑEZ, Jean Paul Simon; RODRIGUEZ ALEGRE, Lino Rolando; LOPEZ PADILLA, Rosario del Pilar; CARBAJAL CHAVEZ, Carlos Guillermo; PAZ CAMPAÑA, Augusto Edward. Evolution of the gender digital gap in Peru: has it improved in the last decade?. Encontros Bibli: electronic journal of library science, archival science and information science, Florianópolis/SC, Brasil, v. 30, p. 1–17, 2025. DOI: 10.5007/1518-2924.2025.e105075. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/eb/article/view/105075. Acesso em: 8 dec. 2025.

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Vol. 30 (2025): For diverse, equitable, inclusive, and accessible science

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Copyright (c) 2025 Guido Trujillo Valdiviezo, Jean Paul Simon Castillo Nuñez, Lino Rolando Rodriguez Alegre, Rosario del Pilar Lopez Padilla, Carlos Guillermo Carbajal Chavez, Augusto Edward Paz Campaña

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