Open access and research funding in Brazil: characteristics and trends in scientific production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1518-2924.2022.e78818Abstract
Objective: this study aims to analyze the distribution of Brazilian scientific production, considering its growth and possible relationship between indexing variables, research funding and open access modalities. It measures adherence to open access, considering the indexing databases, the presence or absence of funding, and the modalities and areas of research funding by Fapesp.
Methods: the study has an exploratory character, based on a scientometric approach for the analysis of the variables of interest. It considers all original and review articles from 2009 to 2016, published by authors affiliated to Brazilian institutions. Information on funding modalities of articles resulting from research funded by Fapesp was obtained from its Virtual Library (BV Fapesp).
Results: a significant increase in restricted access articles was observed on the Web of Science (WoS), in addition to a percentage increase in articles with no mention of funding. Among the open access modalities, the Bronze route stands out at the beginning of the period, giving way to Golden; and SciELO represents almost 50% in open access when there is no mention of funding, and 20% when funding is declared. The Fapesp funding modalities reveal a relationship between: scholarship levels and open access modalities, with higher level and publication in WoS, and lower level in SciELO; Regular and Biota grants have a higher percentage in SciELO, while Thematic, CEPIDs and Young Researcher in WoS. Finally, it was observed that practically all areas increase the percentage of articles in restricted access at the end of the period, with emphasis on Humanities.
Conclusions: Brazilian scientific production signals that the trend towards open access is reversed among the sub-periods analyzed. Fapesp's initiatives are perceived, with a favourable trend towards the Golden route, in Web of Science journals, while SciELO reinforces this trend, both in Fapesp-funded research and in production funded by other agencies, as well as in publications without mention to funding. In such circumstances, researchers from São Paulo institutions accredited in post-graduate programs are forced to find an intersection point, which prioritizes the Impact Factor, but often having to give up open access.
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