Reforma da sustentabilidade financeira do setor público em Portugal e na União Europeia: perspectivas a partir dos paradigmas de gestão pública
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/2177-7055.2025.e110134Palavras-chave:
Reformas para a sustentabilidade financeira, Crise da dívida Soberana, Administração pública, Dívida pública, Governação econômica europeiaResumo
O surgimento de reformas administrativas costuma ocorrer em contextos de crise, introduzindo novas ideias de modernização e gestão inspiradas por diferentes paradigmas da administração pública. Em Portugal, tal como na União Europeia, estas reformas têm sido impulsionadas pela necessidade de simplificar processos, reforçar a transparência, aumentar a eficiência e assegurar a sustentabilidade financeira, ao mesmo tempo que se enfrentam défices orçamentais persistentes e níveis elevados de dívida pública. Este estudo analisa o impacto da crise da dívida soberana na reforma do processo orçamental em Portugal entre 2012 e 2024. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, explora programas de governo, iniciativas de reforma administrativa, relatórios e enquadramentos legais nacionais e europeus. Os resultados mostram que as medidas de reforma refletem a coexistência de múltiplos modelos de gestão pública, com maior alinhamento ao paradigma Neo-Weberiano, complementado por elementos da Nova Gestão Pública e da Nova Governação Pública. A presente investigação contribui para compreender a trajetória de reformas orientadas para a estabilidade fiscal de longo prazo, a melhoria das práticas administrativas e a promoção de uma cidadania inclusiva.
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