Trabalhadores no mundo: marinheiros indianos, c. de 1870-1940
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-9222.2020.e76076Resumen
A expansão da marinha mercante britânica na era do vapor foi estimulada pelo emprego de tripulações do subcontinente indiano. Entre os mais mal pagos do mercado, os marinheiros indianos eram os trabalhadores internacionais pioneiros que compunham quase um terço da força de trabalho na marinha britânica em 1937. Rotulados genericamente como “lascars”, seu emprego em regimes semelhantes a contratos firmados reforçou o status de “coolies”, promoveu a desoneração/desqualificação do trabalho marítimo e instituiu hierarquias racializadas no trabalho na marinha mercante, que perduram até hoje dentro e fora do setor. Este artigo apresenta um breve relato das condições de vida e de trabalho dos marinheiros subcontinentais, explora a atitude dos sindicatos britânicos em relação ao emprego dessas tripulações e destaca sua crucial contribuição para a expansão da navegação imperial britânica e, de maneira mais geral, para a dimensão marítima do poder imperial britânico.
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