What Drawing to teach to the teachers in formation? A contribution of Arthur Marinho from Maranhão (first half of the twentieth century)

Abstract

The following study analyzes the role played by Arthur Marinho, a Maranhão citizen, in the systematization of Drawing as an area of knowledge for the formation of elementary teachers in the city of São Luís, capital of Maranhão, during the first half of the 20th century. The methodology, of documentary historiographic aspect, was based on the study of news published in newspapers of the time about the personal and professional paths of this social actor and in the analysis of Drawing teaching programs to the Normal School of Maranhão signed by Marinho and published by the Official Press (1930, 1934). This investigation was based on data collected from Benedito Leite library’s Public Archive, in the city of São Luís, and directed to the type of Drawing that was available for the formation of the teachers at that time. The text takes on as theoretical-methodological foundation cultural studies based on Chervel's ideas regarding the transformations of the concept of purposes over time. The results demonstrate that the actions taken by this professional, both in the artistic and educational fields, were reflected in his practice as a training teacher, resignifying the purposes of this knowledge for teachers’ formation that directed explicitly with the support of geometry