“O homem que ganha seu penny”: o trabalhador independente enquanto síntese da ideologia social do reformismo liberal inglês nas décadas de 1830 e 1840
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-9222.2024.e96606Palabras clave:
Revolução Industrial, Liberalismo, História da InglaterraResumen
Durante as décadas de 1830 e 1840, diversas comissões reais de inquérito estiveram em atividade na Inglaterra para abordar questões sociais consideradas urgentes. O trabalho desses corpos investigativos serviu de base para orientar a resposta oficial do governo diante desses problemas, inclusive encaminhando reformas institucionais importantes. Os relatórios apresentados pelos comissários constituem documentos fundamentais para a compreensão do reformismo liberal que caracterizou o período. Este artigo discute alguns paradigmas centrais que atravessam o trabalho das comissões, referentes ao modelo de organização das relações de trabalho e das qualidades a serem assimiladas pela classe trabalhadora, utilizando como norteador o ideal do “trabalhador independente”, figura repetidamente evocada nos escritos do comissariado. Argumenta-se que a atuação dos comissários se deu na direção de fomentar o enraizamento de uma prática social adaptada à realidade de Revolução Industrial e laissez-faire econômico que estava se consolidando.
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