Produção de conhecimento e trabalho forçado: o trabalho intelectual e os mundos dos mitayos andinos no período colonial tardio.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5007/1984-9222.2023.e95228Palavras-chave:
Mineração, História do Trabalho, História da Ciência, época colonial, AndesResumo
O presente artigo aborda a minerac?a?o de prata nos Andes na e?poca colonial e tem como objetivo proporcionar um dia?logo entre duas a?reas que te?m se desenvolvido separadamente: a Histo?ria das Cie?ncias e a Histo?ria do Trabalho. Assim, pretende reavaliar o atual consenso historiogra?fico sobre a excele?ncia te?cnica da ma?o de obra mingada e yanacono (trabalhadores assalariados) e a quase total escassez de habilidades e conhecimentos dos mitayos, trabalhadores forc?ados. Por meio da ana?lise lingui?stica e de estudos de casos juri?dicos, o artigo documenta como os mineradores ocupavam va?rias posic?o?es te?cnicas nas minas e como os mesmos mitayos, mingas e yanaconas mudavam de estatuto, oascilando entre categorias e posic?o?es laborais. Dessa maneira, conclui-se que categorias tradicionais como sala?rio e habilidade te?cnica sa?o inadequadas para entender as experie?ncias e os saberes dos trabalhadores em economias extrativistas altamente coercitivas como a minerac?a?o colonial.
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